lnmp mysql tcp6_LNMP之mysql数据库

1.创建mysql用户

[root@web01 ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql

[root@web01 ~]# id mysql

uid=1000(mysql) gid=1000(mysql) 组=1000(mysql)

2.下载mysql二进制软件包，提前配置好yum源，下载wget命令

[root@web01 ~]# yum install wget -y

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.re

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

[root@web01 ~]# mkdir -p /home/mysql/tools

[root@web01 ~]# cd /home/mysql/tools/

# 该mysql文件600M左右，下载时间看网速

[root@web01 tools]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

[二进制安装mysql]

1.解压并且移动mysql二进制软件包路径

[root@web01 tools]# tar -zvxf mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

[root@web01 tools]# mv mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /opt/mysql-5.7.26

2.生成软连接

[root@web01 opt]# ln -s /opt/mysql-5.7.26/ /opt/mysql

[root@web01 opt]# ls -l /opt/

总用量 0

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 3月 18 10:15 mysql -> /opt/mysql-5.7.26/

drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 129 3月 18 10:13 mysql-5.7.26

3.卸载centos7自带的mariadb库，防止冲突

[root@web01 mysql]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs

4.手动创建mysql配置文件 vim /etc/my.cnf

[root@web01 mysql]# cat /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

basedir=/opt/mysql/

datadir=/opt/mysql/data

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

server_id=1

port=3306

log_error=/opt/mysql/data/mysql_err.log

[mysql]

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

【初始化mysql服务端数据文件】

1.卸载系统自带的centos7 mariadb-libs，且安装mysql的依赖环境

rpm -qa mariadb-libs #检查是否存在

[root@web01 mysql]# yum install libaio-devel -y

2.创建mysql数据文件夹且授权

[root@web01 mysql]# mkdir -p /opt/mysql/data

[root@web01 mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/mysql/

3.初始化数据库

[root@web01 mysql]# /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql/ --datadir=/opt/mysql/data/

# 参数解释

--user=mysql 指定用户

--basedir 指定mysql安装目录

--datadir=/opt/mysql/data 指定数据文件夹

--initialize-insecure 关闭mysql安全策略

--initialize 开启mysql安全模式

【配置mysql客户端】

1.配置mysql启动脚本，定义mysqld.service，脚本如下

[root@web01 mysql]# cat /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service

[Unit]

Description=MySQL server by chaoge

Documentation=man:mysqld(8)

Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html

After=network.target

After=syslog.target

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

[Service]

User=mysql

Group=mysql

ExecStart=/opt/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf

LimitNOFILE=5000

【启动mysql数据库】

[root@web01 mysql]# systemctl start mysqld

[root@web01 mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld

Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service to /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service.

[root@web01 mysql]# systemctl status mysqld

● mysqld.service - MySQL server by chaoge

Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)

Active: active (running) since 三 2020-03-18 11:30:01 EDT; 6s ago

Docs: man:mysqld(8)

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html

Main PID: 5315 (mysqld)

CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service

└─5315 /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf

3月 18 11:30:01 web01 systemd[1]: Started MySQL server by chaoge.

3月 18 11:30:01 web01 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL server by chaoge...

检查mysql启动状态

[root@web01 mysql]# netstat -tunlp|grep mysql

tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 5315/mysqld

[root@web01 mysql]# ps -ef|grep mysql |grep -v grep

mysql 5315 1 0 11:30 ? 00:00:00 /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf

【配置mysql命令的环境变量】

[root@web01 mysql]# echo "export PATH=/opt/mysql/bin:$PATH" >> /etc/profile

[root@web01 mysql]# source /etc/profile

[root@web01 mysql]# echo $PATH

/opt/mysql/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

【登录mysql】

默认无需密码直接登录mysql，且身份是root

[root@web01 ~]# mysql

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 3

Server version: 5.7.26 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| sys |

+--------------------+

4 rows in set (0.02 sec)

mysql> select user(); # 查看当前登录的用户

+----------------+

| user() |

+----------------+

| root@localhost |

+----------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

# 查看mysql所有用户信息

mysql> select user,authentication_string,host from mysql.user;

+---------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+

| user | authentication_string | host |

+---------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+

| root | | localhost |

| mysql.session | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE | localhost |

| mysql.sys | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE | localhost |

+---------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+

3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

【给mysql设置登录密码加大安全性】

[root@web01 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot password 'chaoge666'

mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.

# 再次登录，输入密码

[root@web01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 6

Server version: 5.7.26 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

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