java 均值插值_Java简单字符串插值实现

字符串插值是非常有用的功能，可以提高编码效率。Java语言没有提供原生的字符串插值功能，但在标准库中 MessageFormat 提供了部分功能。现在把积累的相关代码整理重构一下，以便以后使用。

例子：

import static java.lang.System.out;

import static cc.interpolation.Interpolations.indexed;

import static cc.interpolation.Interpolations.named;

import java.util.Collections;

public class Test {

public static void main(String[] args) {

out.println(indexed("{0} and {1}", "Li Lei", "Han Meimei"));

out.println(named("{a} and {b}", "a", "Li Lei", "b", "Han Meimei"));

out.println(named("{a} and {unknown}", "a", "A", "default"));

out.println(named("{a} and {unknown}",

Collections.singletonMap("a", "A"), "default"));

}

}

输出：

Li Lei and Han Meimei

Li Lei and Han Meimei

A and default

A and default

具体实现如下：

import java.util.Map;

public class Interpolations {

private static final InterpolationEngine INDEXED_ENGINE = new IndexedInterpolationEngine();

private static final InterpolationEngine NAMED_ENGINE = new NamedInterpolationEngine();

public static String indexed(String template, Object... bindings) {

return INDEXED_ENGINE.combine(template,

IndexedInterpolationEngine.createBindings(bindings));

}

public static String named(String template, Object... bindings) {

return NAMED_ENGINE.combine(template,

NamedInterpolationEngine.createBindings(bindings));

}

public static String named(String template, Map bindings) {

return named(template, bindings, null);

}

public static String named(String template, Map bindings,

Object defaultValue) {

return NAMED_ENGINE.combine(template, NamedInterpolationEngine

.createBindings(bindings, defaultValue));

}

}

插值引擎接口：

public interface InterpolationEngine {

public interface Bindings {

Object get(String name);

}

String combine(String template, Bindings bindings);

}

根据主要用到了两种插值方式：索引、命名。

这两种方式都可以使用正则表达式实现。基本的正则表达式插值代码为：

import java.util.regex.Matcher;

import java.util.regex.Pattern;

public class PatternInterpolationEngine implements InterpolationEngine {

private final Pattern pattern;

public PatternInterpolationEngine(Pattern pattern) {

this.pattern = pattern;

}

@Override

public String combine(String template, Bindings bindings) {

StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer(template.length());

Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(template);

while (matcher.find()) {

String name = matcher.group(1);

Object value = bindings.get(name);

matcher.appendReplacement(buffer, String.valueOf(value));

}

matcher.appendTail(buffer);

return buffer.toString();

}

}

索引方式：

import java.util.regex.Pattern;

public class IndexedInterpolationEngine extends PatternInterpolationEngine {

private static final Pattern PATTERN = Pattern.compile("\\{([0-9]+)\\}");

public IndexedInterpolationEngine() {

super(PATTERN);

}

public static Bindings createBindings(Object... array) {

return new ArrayBindings(array);

}

private static final class ArrayBindings implements Bindings {

private final Object[] array;

public ArrayBindings(Object[] array) {

this.array = array;

}

@Override

public Object get(String name) {

return array[Integer.parseInt(name)];

}

}

}

命名方式：

import java.util.Map;

import java.util.regex.Pattern;

public class NamedInterpolationEngine extends PatternInterpolationEngine {

private static final Pattern PATTERN = Pattern

.compile("\\{([_a-zA-Z0-9]+)\\}");

public NamedInterpolationEngine() {

super(PATTERN);

}

public static Bindings createBindings(Object... array) {

return new AssociativeArrayBindings(array);

}

public static Bindings createBindings(Map map,

Object defaultValue) {

return new MapBindings(map, defaultValue);

}

private static final class AssociativeArrayBindings implements Bindings {

private final Object[] associativeArray;

private final int lookupLength;

private final Object defaultValue;

public AssociativeArrayBindings(Object[] associativeArray) {

this.associativeArray = associativeArray;

if (associativeArray.length % 2 == 0) {

lookupLength = associativeArray.length;

defaultValue = null;

} else {

lookupLength = associativeArray.length - 1;

defaultValue = associativeArray[associativeArray.length - 1];

}

}

@Override

public Object get(String name) {

for (int i = 0; i < lookupLength; i += 2) {

if (name.equals(associativeArray[i])) {

return associativeArray[i + 1];

}

}

return defaultValue;

}

}

private static final class MapBindings implements Bindings {

private final Map map;

private final Object defaultValue;

public MapBindings(Map map, Object defaultValue) {

this.map = map;

this.defaultValue = defaultValue;

}

@Override

public Object get(String name) {

if (map.containsKey(name)) {

return map.get(name);

} else {

return defaultValue;

}

}

}

}

目前只实现了基本的功能，但是足以应付我现在的需要。如以后有更多的功能需求，再行扩展。