python基于经纬度距离汇聚点_用Python / Shapely聚合地理点的最佳方法

我想将一长串纬度/经度坐标转换为它们所属的美国州(或县).考虑到我具有状态几何,一种可能的解决方案是针对所有状态检查每个点.

for point in points:

for state in states:

if point.within(state['shape']):

print state.name

有没有更优化的方法来做到这一点,可能在O(1)？

最佳答案 使用

Rtree作为空间索引可以非常快速地识别零个或多个多边形的边界框中的点,然后使用Shapely确定该点所在的多边形.

from shapely.geometry import Polygon, Point

from rtree import index

# List of non-overlapping polygons

polygons = [

Polygon([(0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1), (0, 0)]),

Polygon([(0, 0), (1, 0), (1, 1), (0, 0)]),

]

# Populate R-tree index with bounds of polygons

idx = index.Index()

for pos, poly in enumerate(polygons):

idx.insert(pos, poly.bounds)

# Query a point to see which polygon it is in

# using first Rtree index, then Shapely geometry's within

point = Point(0.5, 0.2)

poly_idx = [i for