python快速处理ppt_070 用 Python 处理 PPT 文件

python-pptx 是一个用于创建和更新PowerPoint(.pptx)文件的Python库。

典型的用途是从数据库内容生成自定义的PowerPoint演示文稿，可通过单击Web应用程序中的链接进行下载。

一些开发人员使用它根据工作管理系统中保存的信息自动生成可立即呈现的工程状态报告。

它还可以用于对演示文稿库进行批量更新，或者仅仅是为了自动生成一个或两个幻灯片，这对于手动操作来说是繁琐的。

安装

pip install python-pptx

PPT 文件内容结构

Presentations

Slides

Shapes

Placeholders

able-related objects

ChartData objects

Charts

Text-related objects

Click Action-related objects

DrawingML objects

Image

读取 PPT 文件

打开 ppt 文件，方式1

from pptx import Presentation

# prs = Presentation()

prs = Presentation('existing-prs-file.pptx')

prs.save('test.pptx')

打开 ppt 文件，方式2

from pptx import Presentation

f = open('foobar.pptx')

prs = Presentation(f)

f.close()

打开 ppt 文件，方式3

with open('foobar.pptx') as f:

source_stream = StringIO(f.read())

prs = Presentation(source_stream)

source_stream.close()

target_stream = StringIO()

prs.save(target_stream)

演示文稿中的每张幻灯片都基于幻灯片布局。因此，您必须指定在创建新幻灯片时使用哪种幻灯片布局，这并不奇怪。让我们花点时间了解一些我们需要的幻灯片布局，以便我们添加的幻灯片看起来像我们想要的那样。

写入 PPT 文件

最简单的示例

from pptx import Presentation

prs = Presentation()

title_slide_layout = prs.slide_layouts[0]

slide = prs.slides.add_slide(title_slide_layout)

title = slide.shapes.title

subtitle = slide.placeholders[1]

title.text = "标题"

subtitle.text = "正文"

prs.save('test.pptx')

示例2

from pptx import Presentation

prs = Presentation()

bullet_slide_layout = prs.slide_layouts[1]

slide = prs.slides.add_slide(bullet_slide_layout)

shapes = slide.shapes

title_shape = shapes.title

body_shape = shapes.placeholders[1]

title_shape.text = 'Adding a Bullet Slide'

tf = body_shape.text_frame

tf.text = 'Find the bullet slide layout'

p = tf.add_paragraph()

p.text = 'Use _TextFrame.text for first bullet'

p.level = 1

p = tf.add_paragraph()

p.text = 'Use _TextFrame.add_paragraph() for subsequent bullets'

p.level = 2

prs.save('test.pptx')

add_textbox

from pptx import Presentation

from pptx.util import Inches, Pt

prs = Presentation()

blank_slide_layout = prs.slide_layouts[6]

slide = prs.slides.add_slide(blank_slide_layout)

left = top = width = height = Inches(1)

txBox = slide.shapes.add_textbox(left, top, width, height)

tf = txBox.text_frame

tf.text = "This is text inside a textbox"

p = tf.add_paragraph()

p.text = "This is a second paragraph that's bold"

p.font.bold = True

p = tf.add_paragraph()

p.text = "This is a third paragraph that's big"

p.font.size = Pt(40)

prs.save('test.pptx')

add_picture

from pptx import Presentation

from pptx.util import Inches

img_path = 'monty-truth.png'

prs = Presentation()

blank_slide_layout = prs.slide_layouts[6]

slide = prs.slides.add_slide(blank_slide_layout)

left = top = Inches(1)

pic = slide.shapes.add_picture(img_path, left, top)

left = Inches(5)

height = Inches(5.5)

pic = slide.shapes.add_picture(img_path, left, top, height=height)

prs.save('test.pptx')

add_shape

from pptx import Presentation

from pptx.enum.shapes import MSO_SHAPE

from pptx.util import Inches

prs = Presentation()

title_only_slide_layout = prs.slide_layouts[5]

slide = prs.slides.add_slide(title_only_slide_layout)

shapes = slide.shapes

shapes.title.text = 'Adding an AutoShape'

left = Inches(0.93) # 0.93" centers this overall set of shapes

top = Inches(3.0)

width = Inches(1.75)

height = Inches(1.0)

shape = shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.PENTAGON, left, top, width, height)

shape.text = 'Step 1'

left = left + width - Inches(0.4)

width = Inches(2.0) # chevrons need more width for visual balance

for n in range(2, 6):

shape = shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.CHEVRON, left, top, width, height) shape.text = 'Step %d' % n

left = left + width - Inches(0.4)

prs.save('test.pptx')

## add_table

```python

from pptx import Presentation

from pptx.util import Inches

prs = Presentation()

title_only_slide_layout = prs.slide_layouts[5]

slide = prs.slides.add_slide(title_only_slide_layout)

shapes = slide.shapes

shapes.title.text = 'Adding a Table'

rows = cols = 2

left = top = Inches(2.0)

width = Inches(6.0)

height = Inches(0.8)

table = shapes.add_table(rows, cols, left, top, width, height).table

# set column widths

table.columns[0].width = Inches(2.0)

table.columns[1].width = Inches(4.0)

# write column headings

table.cell(0, 0).text = 'Foo'

table.cell(0, 1).text = 'Bar'

# write body cells

table.cell(1, 0).text = 'Baz'

table.cell(1, 1).text = 'Qux'

prs.save('test.pptx')

Extract all text from slides in presentation

from pptx import Presentation

prs = Presentation(path_to_presentation)

# text_runs will be populated with a list of strings, # one for each text run in presentation

text_runs = []

for slide in prs.slides:

for shape in slide.shapes:

if not shape.has_text_frame: continue

for paragraph in shape.text_frame.paragraphs: for run in paragraph.runs:

text_runs.append(run.text)

添加一个 slide

SLD_LAYOUT_TITLE_AND_CONTENT = 1

prs = Presentation()

slide_layout = prs.slide_layouts[SLD_LAYOUT_TITLE_AND_CONTENT]

slide = prs.slides.add_slide(slide_layout)

访问幻灯片中的图形

shapes = slide.shapes

自动形状

from pptx.enum.shapes import MSO_SHAPE

shapes = slide.shapes

left = top = width = height = Inches(1.0)

shape = shapes.add_shape(

MSO_SHAPE.ROUNDED_RECTANGLE, left, top, width, height

)

长度单位

from pptx.util import Inches, Pt

length = Inches(1)

length.inches

length.cm

length.pt

length = Pt(72)

形状位置和尺寸

填充

线

调整自动形状

占位符

一个占位符也是一个形状

占位符类型

访问占位符

识别和表征占位符

插入占位符

设置幻灯片标题

文本

文本框

段落

添加文本

应用文本框架级格式

应用段落样式

应用字符样式

图表

添加图表

轴

数据标签

传说

线图

饼图

表格

内容

表格操作

notes slide

Concepts