java getters setters_Getters/setters in Java

问题

I'm new to Java, but have some OOP experience with ActionScript 3, so I'm trying to migrate relying on stuff I know.

In ActionScript 3 you can create getters and setters using the get and set keywords, meaning you create a method in the class and access data through a property of an instance of that class. I might sound complicated, but it's not. Here's an example:

class Dummy{

private var _name:String;

public function Dummy(name:String=null){

this._name = name;

}

//getter

public function get name():String{

return _name;

}

//setter

public function set name(value:String):void{

//do some validation if necessary

_name = value;

}

}

And I would access name in an object as:

var dummy:Dummy = new Dummy("fred");

trace(dummy.name);//prints: fred

dummy.name = "lolo";//setter

trace(dummy.name);//getter

How would I do that in Java?

Just having some public fields is out of the question.

I've noticed that there is this convention of using get and set in front of methods, which I'm OK with.

For example,

class Dummy{

String _name;

public void Dummy(){}

public void Dummy(String name){

_name = name;

}

public String getName(){

return _name;

}

public void setName(String name){

_name = name;

}

}

Is there an equivalent of ActionScript 3 getter/setters in Java, as in

accessing a private field as a field from an instance of the class, but having a method for implementing that internally in the class?

回答1:

Nope. AS3 getters and setters are an ECMAScript thing. In Java, you're stuck with the getVal() and setVal() style functions--there isn't any syntactic sugar to make things easy for you.

I think Eclipse can help auto-generating those types of things though...

回答2:

Your Java code is fine, except that you would, want to make _name private.

There are no get and set keywords in Java as in your AS3 example. Sorry, it doesn't get better than what you're doing already.

Corrected code:

class Dummy {

private String _name;

public void Dummy() {}

public void Dummy(String name) {

setName(name);

}

public String getName() {

return _name;

}

public void setName(String value) {

_name = value;

}

}

回答3:

Sadly, no, there isn't the equivalent language-level support in java.

The get* and set* patterns though are so established in java culture that you'll find strong IDE support for them (e.g., eclipse will make them for you automatically), and if you're working in something that uses the expression language first made for jsps (EL), then you'll be able to use the property notation to access getters and setters.

回答4:

I would consider not having the getter or setter as they don't do anything in your case except make the code more complicated. Here is an example without getters or setters.

class Dummy {

public String name;

public Dummy(String name) { this.name = name; }

}

Dummy dummy = new Dummy("fred");

System.out.println(dummy.name);//getter, prints: fred

dummy.name = "lolo";//setter

System.out.println(dummy.name);//getter, prints: lolo

IMHO Don't make things more complicated than you need to. It so often the case that adding complexity will suffer from You-Aint-Gonna-Need-It

回答5:

An IDE-independent way is to use Lombok, an annotation-based library that generates getters, setters, and even equals() and hashcode(). It does this for the compiler, but not in the source file, so you don't have to look at the methods, just use them.

回答6:

In Java, the only option you have without exposing the internals of your object is to make your own getters and setters as you have in your example.

The convention is to prepend get or set in front of the field which is being altered. So, as in your example, the field name would have getName and setName methods as their corresponding getter and setter, respectively.

回答7:

Also before adding setters and getters, it might be a good idea to ask yourself why are you exposing the internal data of the Object in question.

I suggests you read this article -

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-09-2003/jw-0905-toolbox.html

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/875033/getters-setters-in-java