java 重发机制_UDP传输的实现与检测重发机制

java建立UDP连接和建立TCP/IP连接一样简单，只用到了SocketAddress(绑定主机的IP地址和应用程序端口，包括自己的和发送地)、DatagramSocket(数据套接字，接收和发送数据包都靠它，同时在new该对象时需要try…catch，而SocketAddress则无需)、DatagramPacket(数据包对象，UDP数据都是一个包一个包发送的)这三个类。然后实现起来是非常简单的。首先是发送方new两个SocketAddress对象，一个参数写自己的机子，另一个写要发送的目标主机。然后把自己的SocketAddress对象传入DatagramSocket创建其对象，假设对象名为ds。再将要发送的数据连同目标主机的SocketAddress对象一起传入DatagramPacket创建其对象，设为dp。最后调用方法ds.send(dp);就OK了。这是发送方的，接收方差不多，实现起来没多大难度。不过众所周知，UDP有一个特点却是比不上TCP/IP的，那就是建立的连接不一定非常可靠，经常会出现丢包的情况，所以需要在发送过程中添加检测机制，而这也就大大加大了实现的难度。基本检测机制是：

发送方发送一个数据包，接收方接收后，发回一个应答包告诉发送方已收到消息，此应答包包含发送的消息的唯一序列号。关于这个序列号的唯一性设置我还不是很明白，所以在测试中就把第n条消息的n作为序列号了。若发送方在一定时间内(时间长短可自行设置)未收到应答包则重发消息。重发消息有两个原因：①接收方未收到，此时重发是应该的。②接收方收到消息但是发回的应答包丢失了，此时重发消息则重复了，所以在接收方还得添加一个机制：若收到的消息与以前发过的消息重复，则再次发送应答包。在这些机制下，能够初步的保证UDP传输的完整性。以下是实现代码：

发送端：

import java.io.IOException;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;

import java.net.DatagramSocket;

import java.net.InetSocketAddress;

import java.net.SocketAddress;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

public class UDPServer {

public UDPServer() {

try {

sa = new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 9999);

ds = new DatagramSocket(sa);

saa = new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 1234);

String msg = "";

startThread();

new Thread() {

public void run() {

while (true) {

recMsg();

}

}

}.start();

for (int i = 1;; i++) {

msg = "第" + i + "条消息";

Msg m = new Msg(msg, i);

sendMsg(m);

list.add(m);

Thread.sleep(1000);

}

} catch (Exception e) {

}

}

public void sendMsg(Msg m) {

DatagramPacket dp;

try {

dp = new DatagramPacket(m.getmsg().getBytes(), m.getmsg()

.getBytes().length, saa);

ds.send(dp);

m.setsendtime(System.currentTimeMillis());

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

public void recMsg() {

byte[] buffer = new byte[20];

DatagramPacket dpp = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length);

try {

ds.receive(dpp);

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

String rec = new String(dpp.getData()).trim();

int id = Integer.parseInt(rec.substring(4, rec.length() - 3));

for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {

if (id == list.get(i).getid()) {

System.out.println("确认对方已收到第" + list.get(i).getid()

+ "条消息，从队列中除去");

list.remove(i);

}

}

}

public void startThread() {

new Thread() {

public void run() {

while (true) {

// 如果list里面有元素

if (list.size() > 1) {

for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {

if (System.currentTimeMillis()

- list.get(i).getsendtime() > 3000

&& list.get(i).gettime() < 4) {

sendMsg(list.get(i));

System.out.println("重发第" + list.get(i).getid()

+ "条消息第" + list.get(i).gettime() + "次");

if (list.get(i).gettime() == 3) {

System.out.println("重发第"

+ list.get(i).getid()

+ "条消息已超过4次，丢弃包");// System.exit(0);

list.remove(i);

} else {

list.get(i).settime(

list.get(i).gettime() + 1);

}

}

}

}

try {

Thread.sleep(1000);

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

}.start();

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

new UDPServer();

}

class Msg {

public Msg(String msg, int id) {

this.msg = msg;

this.id = id;

}

public void setid(int i) {

id = i;

}

public int getid() {

return id;

}

public void setmsg(String newmsg) {

msg = newmsg;

}

public String getmsg() {

return msg;

}

public void settime(int i) {

time = i;

}

public int gettime() {

return time;

}

public void setsendtime(long time) {

lastsendtime = time;

}

public long getsendtime() {

return lastsendtime;

}

private int id;

private String msg;

private int time;

private long lastsendtime;

}

List list = new ArrayList();

SocketAddress sa;

DatagramSocket ds;

SocketAddress saa;

}

接收端：

import java.awt.Dimension;

import java.awt.FlowLayout;

import java.awt.Font;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;

import java.net.DatagramSocket;

import java.net.InetSocketAddress;

import java.net.SocketAddress;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import javax.swing.JFrame;

import javax.swing.JScrollPane;

import javax.swing.JTextArea;

import javax.swing.UIManager;

public class UDPClient {

JFrame f;

JTextArea jta, jta2;

SocketAddress sa;

SocketAddress saa;

DatagramSocket ds;

List list = new ArrayList();

public UDPClient() {

try {

UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());

} catch (Exception e) {

}

Font font = new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 12);

f = new JFrame();

jta = new JTextArea();

jta.setFont(font);

jta2 = new JTextArea();

jta2.setFont(font);

JScrollPane jsp = new JScrollPane(jta);

JScrollPane jsp2 = new JScrollPane(jta2);

jsp.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(500, 400));

jsp2.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(300, 400));

f.setLayout(new FlowLayout());

f.add(jsp);

f.add(jsp2);

f.pack();

f.setLocationRelativeTo(null);

f.setDefaultCloseOperation(3);

f.setVisible(true);

sa = new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 1234);

saa = new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 9999);

new Thread() {

public void run() {

recMsg();

}

}.start();

startThread();

}

public void recMsg() {

try {

ds = new DatagramSocket(sa);

while (true) {

byte[] buffer = new byte[20];

DatagramPacket dpp = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length);

jta.append("等待数据...\n");

ds.receive(dpp);

String rec = new String(dpp.getData()).trim();

if (check(rec)) {

jta.append(rec + "\n");

int id = Integer

.parseInt(rec.substring(1, rec.length() - 3));

Msg m = new Msg(rec, id);

list.add(m);

send(m);

}

}

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

public boolean check(String msg) {

if (list.size() > 0) {

for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {

if (list.get(i).getmsg().equals("msg")) {

send(list.get(i));

return false;

}

}

}

return true;

}

public void send(Msg m) {

String msg = "已收到第" + m.getid() + "条消息";

try {

DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(msg.getBytes(),

msg.getBytes().length, saa);

ds.send(dp);

jta2.append(msg + "\n");

m.setrectime(System.currentTimeMillis());

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

public void startThread() {

new Thread() {

public void run() {

while (true) {

if (list.size() > 0) {

for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {

if (System.currentTimeMillis()

- list.get(i).getrectime() > 5000) {

list.remove(i);

jta2.append("确认已收到第" + list.get(i).getid()

+ "条消息，从队列中除去\n");

}

}

}

try {

Thread.sleep(1000);

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

}.start();

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

new UDPClient();

}

class Msg {

public Msg(String msg, int id) {

this.msg = msg;

this.id = id;

}

public void setid(int i) {

id = i;

}

public int getid() {

return id;

}

public void setmsg(String newmsg) {

msg = newmsg;

}

public String getmsg() {

return msg;

}

public void settime(int i) {

time = i;

}

public int gettime() {

return time;

}

public void setrectime(long time) {

lastrectime = time;

}

public long getrectime() {

return lastrectime;

}

private int id;

private String msg;

private int time;

private long lastrectime;

}

}

运行结果如图所示：

大小: 95.9 KB

0

顶

1

踩

分享到：

2012-02-26 17:29

浏览 6959

分类:非技术

评论