boot spring 获取请求端口浩_SpringMVC/SpringBoot2中使用@RequestHeader获取请求头

SpringMVC/SpringBoot2中使用@RequestHeader获取请求头

springMVC/SpringBoot中提供了@RequestHeader注解用来获取请求头。

一、使用@RequestHeader获取请求头

(一)获取某一个请求头

例如，获取accept-language请求头：

@GetMapping("/getLanguage")

public Result test(@RequestHeader("accept-language") String language) {

// ......

return new Result(true, 600, language);

}

使用postman，没有设置accept-language请求头时，响应：

{

"timestamp": "2019-12-3T20:43:58.971+0000",

"status": 400,

"error": "Bad Request",

"message": "Missing request header 'accept-language' for method parameter of type String",

"path": "/getLanguage"

}

添加了accept-language请求头后，响应：

{

"flag": true,

"code": 600,

"message": "en-US,en;q=0.9,zh-CN;q=0.8,zh;q=0.7"

}

(二)获取数值型请求头

@GetMapping("/num")

public Result getNumber(@RequestHeader("my-number") int myNumber) {

return new Result(true, HttpStatus.OK.value(), String.valueOf(myNumber));

}

使用postman设置my-number请求头值为1，响应：

{

"flag": true,

"code": 200,

"message": "1"

}

(三)一次性获取所有请求头

1、使用Map接收所有请求头

@GetMapping("/getHeaders")

public Result listAllHeaders(@RequestHeader Map headers) {

headers.forEach((key, value) -> {

// 日志中输出所有请求头

logger.info(String.format("Header '%s' = %s", key, value));

});

return new Result(true, HttpStatus.OK.value(), "");

}

使用postman请求该地址，控制台打印：

2019-12-03 21:10:35,993 INFO [http-nio-10000-exec-9] com.chushiyan.test.controller.HttpHeaderController: Header 'user-agent' = PostmanRuntime/7.20.1

2019-12-03 21:10:35,994 INFO [http-nio-10000-exec-9] com.chushiyan.test.controller.HttpHeaderController: Header 'accept' = */*

2019-12-03 21:10:35,994 INFO [http-nio-10000-exec-9] com.chushiyan.test.controller.HttpHeaderController: Header 'cache-control' = no-cache

2019-12-03 21:10:35,995 INFO [http-nio-10000-exec-9] com.chushiyan.test.controller.HttpHeaderController: Header 'postman-token' = 47dce6dd-c082-47b0-8867-720e45205aa1

2019-12-03 21:10:35,995 INFO [http-nio-10000-exec-9] com.chushiyan.test.controller.HttpHeaderController: Header 'host' = localhost:10000

2019-12-03 21:10:35,995 INFO [http-nio-10000-exec-9] com.chushiyan.test.controller.HttpHeaderController: Header 'accept-encoding' = gzip, deflate

2019-12-03 21:10:35,996 INFO [http-nio-10000-exec-9] com.chushiyan.test.controller.HttpHeaderController: Header 'connection' = keep-alive

2、使用MultiValueMap接收所有请求头

一个请求头存在多个值的时候，可以使用MultiValueMap接收所有请求头

@GetMapping("/getHeaders2")

public Result multiValue(@RequestHeader MultiValueMap headers) {

headers.forEach((key, value) -> {

logger.info(String.format(

"Header '%s' = %s", key, value.stream().collect(Collectors.joining("/"))));

});

return new Result(true, HttpStatus.OK.value(), "");

}

3、使用HttpHeaders接收所用请求头

@GetMapping("/getBaseUrl")

public Result getBaseUrl(@RequestHeader HttpHeaders headers) {

// 获取到了所有的请求头，这里只是使用Host请求头

InetSocketAddress host = headers.getHost();

String url = "http://" + host.getHostName() + ":" + host.getPort();

return new Result(true, HttpStatus.OK.value(),url);

}

使用postman请求该地址，得到的响应：

{

"flag": true,

"code": 200,

"message": "http://localhost:10000"

}

二、@RequestHeader注解详解

@RequestHeader源码如下：

package org.springframework.web.bind.annotation;

import java.lang.annotation.Documented;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;

import java.lang.annotation.Retention;

import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;

import java.lang.annotation.Target;

import org.springframework.core.annotation.AliasFor;

/**

* Annotation which indicates that a method parameter should be bound to a web request header.

*

*

Supported for annotated handler methods in Spring MVC and Spring WebFlux.

*

*

If the method parameter is {@link java.util.Map Map<String, String>},

* {@link org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap MultiValueMap<String, String>},

* or {@link org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders HttpHeaders} then the map is

* populated with all header names and values.

*

* @author Juergen Hoeller

* @author Sam Brannen

* @since 3.0

* @see RequestMapping

* @see RequestParam

* @see CookieValue

*/

@Target(ElementType.PARAMETER)

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)

@Documented

public @interface RequestHeader {

/**

* Alias for {@link #name}.

*/

@AliasFor("name")

String value() default "";

/**

* The name of the request header to bind to.

* @since 4.2

*/

@AliasFor("value")

String name() default "";

/**

* Whether the header is required.

*

Defaults to {@code true}, leading to an exception being thrown

* if the header is missing in the request. Switch this to

* {@code false} if you prefer a {@code null} value if the header is

* not present in the request.

*

Alternatively, provide a {@link #defaultValue}, which implicitly

* sets this flag to {@code false}.

*/

boolean required() default true;

/**

* The default value to use as a fallback.

*

Supplying a default value implicitly sets {@link #required} to

* {@code false}.

*/

String defaultValue() default ValueConstants.DEFAULT_NONE;

}

(一)name、value属性

public Result test(@RequestHeader(name="accept-language") String language)

public Result test(@RequestHeader(value="accept-language") String language)

上面这两行代码效果相同。当然都可以省略为：(因为value是可以省略写的)

public Result test(@RequestHeader("accept-language") String language)

因为从源码中，可以看出name/value互为别名:

@AliasFor("name")

String value() default "";

@AliasFor("value")

String name() default "";

@AliasFor注解：

@AliasFor在同一个注解中成对使用，表示两个属性互为别名。比如上面的，value和name就是互为别名。

@AliasFor标签有一些使用限制，比如要求互为别名的属性的属性值类型、默认值都是相同的。

互为别名的注解必须成对出现，比如value属性添加了@AliasFor(“name”)，那么name属性就必须添加@AliasFor(“value”)。

(二)required属性

@GetMapping("/getHeader3")

public Result evaluateNonRequiredHeader(

@RequestHeader(value = "chushiyan", required = false) String header) {

return new Result(true,HttpStatus.OK.value(),"");

}

如果没有添加required = false，当请求头中没有这个chushiyan请求头时就会报错。

(三)defaultValue属性

可以使用defaultValue属性指定默认值

@GetMapping("/getHeader3")

public Result evaluateNonRequiredHeader(

@RequestHeader(value = "chushiyan", defaultValue = "hello") String header) {

return new Result(true,HttpStatus.OK.value(),"");

}