python中copy函数_Python中列表的copy方法

1.在列表中存在一个名为copy的方法，就像字面意思一样copy方法是用于复制列表元素的，示例如下：

1 names =[‘Zhangsan’,’Lisi’,’WangErgou’]2 names2 =names.copy()3 print(names,names2)

当然执行结果也跟想象中是一样的：

[‘Zhangsan’,’Lisi’,’WangErgou’] [‘Zhangsan’,’Lisi’,’WangErgou’]

如果修改了其中一项元素，会不会影响复制体呢？

1 names =[‘Zhangsan’,’Lisi’,’WangErgou’]2 names2 =names.copy()3 print(names,names2)4 names[1] =“Zhaowu”5 print(names,names2)

结果显而易见，复制体和本体互不影响，结果如下：

1 [‘Zhangsan’,’Lisi’,’WangErgou’] [‘Zhangsan’,’Lisi’,’WangErgou’]2 [‘Zhangsan’,’Zhaowu’,’WangErgou’] [‘Zhangsan’,’Lisi’,’WangErgou’]

那么列表嵌套是否也适用呢，测试一下：

1 names = [‘Liuneng’,’Zhaosi’,[’SongXiaofeng’,’LiuDanaodai'],’XieGuangkun’]

2 names2 =names.copy()3 print(names,names2)4 names[2][0] =‘XieDajiao’5 print(names,names2)

额，结果好像有点不同：

1 [‘Liuneng’,’Zhaosi’,[’SongXiaofeng’,’LiuDanaodai'],'XieGuangkun'] [‘Liuneng’,’Zhaosi’,[’SongXiaofeng’,’LiuDanaodai'],’XieGuangkun’]2 [‘Liuneng’,’Zhaosi’,[’XieDajiao’,’LiuDanaodai'],’XieGuangkun’] [‘Liuneng’,’Zhaosi’,[’XieDajiao’,’LiuDanaodai'],’XieGuangkun’]

原来主列表只是存储了嵌套列表在内存中的地址，而不是所看到的数据，copy的也只是嵌套列表的地址，但两个地址指向的是内存中同一块区域，所以在对嵌套列表进行修改时，只是通过了两个复制地址而修改了真实数据，所以两个列表的元素都被改掉了。

当然，肯定会有完全独立的复制的需求，此时则需要导入一个copy模块来实现了：

1 import copy

2 names = ['zhao','qian',['sun','li'],'zhou']

3 names2 = copy.copy(names)

4 print(names,names2)

5 names[2][0] = 'wu'

6 print(names,names2)

执行之后得到结果：

1 ['zhao','qian',['sun','li'],'zhou’] ['zhao','qian',['sun','li'],'zhou’]2 ['zhao','qian',[‘wu','li'],'zhou’] ['zhao','qian',['wu','li'],'zhou']

-.-# 好吧，copy模块的copy方法和python列表的内置函数copy是一样的，想要完全复制则需要深层copy：

1 importcopy2 names = ['zhao','qian',['sun','li'],'zhou']3 names2 =copy.deepcopy(names)4 print(names,names2)5 names[2][0] = 'wu'

6 print(names,names2)

执行之后得到结果：

1 ['zhao','qian',['sun','li'],'zhou’] ['zhao','qian',['sun','li'],'zhou’]2 ['zhao','qian',[‘sun','li'],'zhou’] ['zhao','qian',['wu','li'],'zhou']

好了，最后终于得到的完全复制的结果。