43.4.5 VAR模型平稳性
称\(k\)元时间序列\(\boldsymbol r_t\)服从一个VAR(\(p\))模型,
如果
\[\begin{align}
\boldsymbol r_t
= \boldsymbol\phi_0
+ \boldsymbol\Phi_1 \boldsymbol r_{t-1}
+ \dots + \boldsymbol\Phi_p \boldsymbol r_{t-p}
+ \boldsymbol a_t
\tag{43.1}
\end{align}\]
其中\(\boldsymbol\phi_0\)和\(\{ \boldsymbol a_t \}\)同VAR(1)的规定,
\(\boldsymbol\Phi_j\)是\(k\)阶方阵(\(k=1,2,\dots,p\))。
利用向后推移算子(滞后算子)\(B\)可以将模型写成
\[\begin{aligned}
(\boldsymbol I - \boldsymbol\Phi_1 B - \dots - \boldsymbol\Phi_p B^p)
\boldsymbol r_t = \boldsymbol\phi_0 + \boldsymbol a_t
\end{aligned}\]
记
\[\begin{align}
P(z)
= \boldsymbol I - \boldsymbol\Phi_1 z - \dots - \boldsymbol\Phi_p z^p
\tag{43.2}
\end{align}\]
这是一个从复数\(z\)到\(k\)阶方阵\(P(z)\)的变换&#