与smart_谈谈DMADV与SMART之间的关联

以下文章来源于亮元职场英文 ，作者亮元

亮元职场英文

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今天分享的是六西格玛英文，主题是：谈谈DMADV与SMART之间的关联，中文为浦亮元翻译。觉得有用，欢迎分享！

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谈谈DMADV与SMART之间的关联

While we usually examine DMAIC vs. DMADV here in our Six Sigma blog, we would like to show the similarities here to another methodology often seen in the business world, known as the SMART goal template, and show there is a correlation that’s just too obvious not to compare.

通常，在我们的六西格玛的博客中，我们会对DMAIC与DMADV进行研究，在这里，我们想展示一下两者与我们经常在商业环境中所看到的另一种方法的相似之处，即SMART目标范式，并展示一种过于显而易见的无需进行比较的相关性。

What is the SMART goal template? SMART stands for:

那么，什么是SMART目标范式呢？

S

Specific: This refers to the detail of the goal you want achieve. Where do you want to achieve this goal? How? What are the conditions and limitations that can happen? Specify every possible detail of the goal.

具体的：指的是想要达到的具体的目标。你想在何处实现这个目标？怎样实现？将来可能出现的状况和局限性是什么？请对每一个可能的目标细节进行具体化。

M

Measurable: Break your goal down into measurable details. This will help you identify that you have achieved your specific goal. This needs to be hard evidence; for example if your goal is to lose 5 pounds, then the hard data is evidence that you have achieved your goals. For this, you will need data from before as a baseline. Then when you weigh yourself, the data will show the lost weight.

可衡量：请把目标分解成可衡量的细节。这将有助于确定你已经达成了特定的目标。这需要确凿的证据；举个例子，如果你的目标是减掉5磅的体重，那么，有力的数据就是你实现目标的证据。为此，你需要把以前的数据作为基线，而在后续，称体重时，数据会显示体重减轻了。

A

Attainable: Is your goal really attainable? What would it take to achieve your goal? What is currently happening to prevent you from achieving your goal?

可达成：你的目标真的可达成吗？那么，要实现你的目标需要什么呢？目前，是什么阻碍了你实现目标？

R

Relevant: Is your goal relevant to your particular situation or are you lacking certain skills that would make your situation better? If you did get training for this particular skill, would this automatically make achieving this goal easier?

相关性：你的目标是与特定状况有关，还是缺乏让某些状况变得更好的技能？如果真的得到了这项技能方面的训练，是否会自然而然地更容易实现这一目标？

T

Timely: When do you expect to achieve this goal? Be specific but also be realistic in the time you give yourself.

有明确的截止期限：你期望何时达到这一目标？截止期限要具体些，也要给自己一个现实的时间。

What is DMADV? It is the methodology used in Six Sigma that stands for: Define-Measure-Analyze-Design-Verify.

那么，什么是DMADV？其实，DMADV是六西格玛中所使用的一大方法，指的是：定义、测量、分析、设计、验证。

Anytime you are looking to design a new service or product, the template is the DFSS (Design For Six Sigma), and uses the DMADV framework to understand the customer’s requirements.

无论何时，你寻求设计新的服务或者产品，模板便是DFSS(六西格玛设计)，并且使用DMADV框架来理解来自客户的需求。

D

Define: Outline your goal and be specific. Set realistic and measurable goals and why it is needed.

定义：概括出目标，并具体化。设定现实的、可测量的目标，以及为什么需要这一目标。

M

Measure: Know the factors and parameters that are critically important, including risks. Also assess the process’s capabilities.

测量：了解关键的因素和参数，也包括风险。另外，还需要评估过程能力。

A

Analyze: Develop design alternatives, work with different combinations and outcomes. Select the ones that would work.

分析：用不同的组合和结果进行工作，制定设计方案。请选择那些行得通的。

D

Design: A detailed prototype of how this is done to see where errors were made and if necessary modify the current version.

设计：一个关于如何完成设计的具体样本，看看哪里出现错误，如果有必要的话，要修改当前的版本。

V

Verify: This is the final step where the newly designed service or process is taken to the real world. This version is lightly modified for our purposes. If you have achieved your goal, this is the verification you will need.

验证：这是将新设计的服务或者流程带到现实中的最后一步。这个版本只是为了我们的目的而稍加修改。如果已经达成目标，这就是你所需要的验证。

We use DMADV because depending on your goal, a new process has to be designed to achieve your goal. But DMAIC is also a great choice.

根据目标，我们使用DMADV，必须设计某个新的流程来实现目标。诚然，DMAIC也是一个很不错的选择。

备 注

其实，在六西格玛方面，DMADV是最近几年才开始流行起来，是与DMAIC并行的一大方法。DMAIC，主要用于已经有的过程的改进，目的在于降低缺陷和质量成本，提高过程能力。DMADV，主要用于新产品的开发和设计，产品的重大变更。将量化的设计要求或CTQs贯穿设计项目的所有层次是DMADV方法的基本原理，这一过程称之为CTQ下行/能力上行。