python编程求极限_Python——极限编程

很cool的名字，极限编程(Extreme Programming，简写XP)是编程的一种流行趋势：

(1)首先是对目标进行计划；

(2)然后将测试用例集合编写为一种框架；

(3)之后才编写实际的代码。

在完成实际代码后的任何时候，都可以运行测试用例以查看接近设计目标的程度，该测试套件具体体现了这个设计目标，同时也在调式和测试软件，非常的nice。

下面是一个实际的例子，完成一个和Unix中find和grep结合的工具

可以指定 文件名 文件内容 扩展名 搜索目录 进行搜索，返回合适的文件信息

第一步是需要分析，对结果做初步规划：

(1)返回形式：(path , filename , 扩展名 ， 文件大小)的元组；

(2)输入参数：搜索文件名的regex 和 内容地regex；

(3)其它搜索项：文件大小，存在时间，最近一次修改信息等(介个以后再说)

第二步是极限编程的特色，按照设计好的接口，完成测试代码：

(这里是个作弊的行为，因为实践中不可能一次性的将测试代码全部完成)

1 #!/usr/bin/python

2 # -- coding: utf-8 --

3 #============================================

4 #FileName: test_find.py

5 #Date: 2013年 06月 04日 星期二 09:29:20 CST

6 #Author: chenhuan

7 #Usage: unittest test file of find.py

8 #============================================

9

10 import unittest

11 import find

12 import os , os.path

13 import shutil

14

15 #============================================================

16 class TestFind(unittest.TestCase) :

17 """

18 TestFind - test the find module. It has five parts to test

19 1. testSearchAll - search the .*

20 2. testSearchFile - search as the input filename

21 3. testSearchContent - search as the content

22 4. testSearchExtension - search as the extension name

23 5. testSearchLogic - search as the logic

24

25 find(fileName , content , start)

26 return ([path , fileName , extension , fileSize]...)

27 """

28

29 #--------------------------------------------------

30 def __getFileName(self , fileInfo) :

31 """

32 __getFileName - return the filename

33 fileInfo - the result return by find

34 """

35 return fileInfo[1]

36

37

38 #--------------------------------------------------

39 def setUp(self) :

40 """

41 setUp - build up the test files as follows

42 1. _test/file_1.txt "chenhuan"

43 1. _test/file_2.py "wuxiaoqin"

44 2. _test/dir_1/file_1.cpp "#include "

45 3. _test/dir_2/file_1.py "wuxiaoqin"

46 """

47 try :

48 os.mkdir('./_test')

49 os.mkdir('./_test/dir_1')

50 os.mkdir('./_test/dir_2')

51 except :

52 pass

53

54 f = open('./_test/file_1.txt','w')

55 f.write('chenhuan')

56 f.close()

57

58 f = open('./_test/file_2.py','w')

59 f.write('wuxiaoqin')

60 f.close()

61

62 f = open('./_test/dir_1/file_1.cpp','w')

63 f.write('#include')

64 f.close()

65

66 f = open('./_test/dir_1/file_1.py','w')

67 f.write('wuxiaoqin')

68 f.close()

69

70 #-------------------------------------------------

71 def tearDown(self) :

72 """

73 tearDown - remove all the test files

74 """

75 shutil.rmtree('./_test')

76

77 #-------------------------------------------------

78 def testSearchAll(self) :

79 """

80 testSearchAll - find all the files under pointed directory

81 """

82 filesInfo = find.find(fileName=r"." , start="_test")

83 self.failUnless(map(self.__getFileName , filesInfo).sort() ==

84 ['file_1.txt','file_2.py','file_1.cpp','file_1.py'].sort(),

85 'Error in testSearchAll')

86

87 #----------------------------------------------------

88 def testSearchFile(self) :

89 """

90 testSearchFIle - find the pointed file

91 """

92 filesInfo = find.find(fileName=r"file_1." , start='_test')

93 self.failUnless(map(self.__getFileName , filesInfo).sort() ==

94 ['file_1.txt' , 'file_1.cpp' , 'file_1.py'].sort() ,

95 'Error in testSearchFile')

96

97

98 filesInfo = find.find(fileName=r"file_1.txt" , start='_test')

99 self.failUnless(map(self.__getFileName , filesInfo) ==

100 ['file_1.txt'] , 'Error in testSearchFile')

101

102 filesInfo = find.find(fileName=r"file_2.txt" , start='_test')

103 self.failUnless(map(self.__getFileName , filesInfo) ==

104 [] , 'Error in testSearchFile')

105

106 #----------------------------------------------------

107 def testSearchContent(self) :

108 """

109 testSearchContent - find the files which contains pointed content

110 """

111 filesInfo = find.find(content = 'wuxiaoqin' , start='_test')

112 self.failUnless(map(self.__getFileName , filesInfo).sort() ==

113 ['file_2.py' , 'file_1.py'].sort() ,

114 'Error in testSearchContent')

115

116 filesInfo = find.find(content = r'include' , start='_test')

117 self.failUnless(map(self.__getFileName , filesInfo) ==

118 ['file_1.cpp'] , 'Error in testSearchContent')

119

120 filesInfo = find.find(content = r'wu.*qin' , start='_test')

121 self.failUnless(map(self.__getFileName , filesInfo).sort() ==

122 ['file_1.py' , 'file_2.py'].sort() ,

123 'Error in testSearchContent')

124

125 #-------------------------------------------------------

126 def testSearchExtension(self) :

127 """

128 testSearchExtension - find the files by the extension name

129 """

130 filesInfo = find.find(extension='txt' ,start='_test')

131 self.failUnless(map(self.__getFileName , filesInfo).sort() ==

132 ['file_1.txt','file_2.txt'].sort() ,

133 'Error in testSearchExtension')

134

135 filesInfo = find.find(content='chenhuan' , extension='txt' ,

136 start='_test')

137 self.failUnless(map(self.__getFileName , filesInfo) ==

138 ['file_1.txt'] , 'Error in testSearchExtension')

139

140 #=====================================================

141 if name == 'main' :

142 unittest.main()

第三步开始才是真正的需要实现功能的代码，实际上这一块和测试代码一道，是一个缓慢发展的过程：

1 #!/usr/bin/python

2 # -- coding: utf-8 --

3 #============================================

4 #FileName: find.py

5 #Date: 2013年 06月 04日 星期二 09:29:55 CST

6 #Author: chenhuan

7 #Usage: find to search the file as dir regex

8 #and content regex

9 #============================================

10

11 import os

12 import os.path

13 import re

14 from stat import *

15

16 #---------------------------------------------------------

17 def find(fileName=r'.*' , content=None , extension=None , start='.') :

18 """

19 find - find the file named 'fileName' which contains the

20 'content' under the 'start' path, 'extension' means the suffix

21 """

22 context = {}

23 context['fileName'] = fileName

24 context['content'] = content

25 context['extension'] = extension

26 context['return'] = []

27

28 os.path.walk(start , findFile , context)

29

30 return context['return']

31

32 #----------------------------------------------------------

33 def findFile(context , dirName , files) :

34 """

35 findFile - return the fileInfo which match the context

36 """

37 for file in files :

38 path = os.path.join(dirName,file)

39 path = os.path.normcase(path)

40

41 fileInfo = os.stat(path)

42 size = fileInfo.st_size

43

44 #ignore directorys

45 if S_ISDIR(fileInfo.st_mode) :

46 continue

47

48 try :

49 extension = os.path.splitext(file)[1][1:]

50 except :

51 extension = ''

52

53 #do filtration based on the fileName

54 fileNameP = re.compile(context['fileName'])

55 if not fileNameP.search(file):

56 continue

57

58 #do filtration based on extension

59 if context['extension'] :

60 extensionP = re.compile(context['extension'])

61 if not extensionP.search(extension) :

62 continue

63

64 #do filtration based on the contents

65 if context['content'] :

66 f = open(path , 'r')

67 fileContentP = re.compile(context['content'])

68 matchFlag = False

69 for line in f.readlines() :

70 if fileContentP.search(line) :

71 matchFlag = True

72 break

73 f.close()

74 if not matchFlag :

75 continue

76

77 #Build the return value

78 fileReturn = (path , file , extension ,size)

79 context['return'].append(fileReturn)

结果直接运行test_find.py就可以了，调式了半天，当然是没有啥错误：

Python：极限编程

极限编程的优点是在开始真正的coding之前，需要有一个清晰的需求分析和接口设计，这是我的大短板。感觉从学习Python开始，越来越习惯于接受知识，而不是去思考自己的方案，有点像Matlab，过分的依赖于各种库。thinking～～～thinking～～～thinking才是王道，工具只是用来实现自己想法的，别舍本逐末～～～