python对文件操作实例_python对文件目录的操作方法实例总结

本文实例讲述了python对文件目录的操作方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

python 可以很方便的对文件进行打开，读写操作，删除操作，也可以很方便的对文件夹进行遍历操作。总体说来，有如下几个方面：

1. python 遍历文件目录，当然可以递归

2. python 删除文件

3. python 对文件进行重命名操作

4. python 创建文件夹 (多个层级创建)

5. python 删除文件夹  (多个层级删除)

6. python 移动文件

7. python 查找文件

8. 得到文件夹的大小

下面的代码是我在用python 做一个网盘服务端的时候用到的一些方法，记录下来，以供以后参考.

#coding:utf-8

import StringIO

import json

import os

import time

import glob

import shutil

DATETIMEFORMATER='%Y-%m-%d %X'

#only for windows

RECYCLED_FOLDER_NAME='Recycled'

def dateformat(datetime):

'''return GMT TIME,need to change to LOCAL TIME'''

return time.strftime( DATETIMEFORMATER,time.gmtime(datetime) )

def filesizeformat(size):

''' Convert file size to string '''

KBSIZE=1024.00

strSize='0 Byte'

if (size < KBSIZE):

strSize = '%.2f Byte' % (size)

elif (size >= KBSIZE and size < KBSIZE**2):

strSize = '%.2f K' % (size / KBSIZE)

elif (size >= KBSIZE**2 and size < KBSIZE**3):

strSize = '%.2f M' % (size / KBSIZE / KBSIZE)

elif (size >= KBSIZE**3):

strSize = '%.2f G' % (size / KBSIZE / KBSIZE / KBSIZE)

return strSize

def listdir(path):

if os.path.isfile(path):

return '[]'

allFiles=os.listdir(path)

retlist=[]

for cfile in allFiles:

fileinfo={}

filepath=(path+os.path.sep+cfile).replace("\\","/")

if cfile==RECYCLED_FOLDER_NAME:

continue

if os.path.isdir(filepath):

fileinfo['isfile'] = '0'

fileinfo['size'] = getfoldersize(filepath)

else:

fileinfo['isfile'] = '1'

fileinfo['size'] = os.path.getsize(filepath)

fileinfo['name'] = cfile

fileinfo['lastvisittime'] = dateformat( os.path.getatime(filepath) )

fileinfo['createtime'] = dateformat( os.path.getctime(filepath) )

fileinfo['lastmodifytime'] = dateformat( os.path.getmtime(filepath) )

retlist.append(fileinfo)

retStr=json.dumps(retlist,encoding='utf-8')

return retStr

def deletefile(path):

if os.path.exists(path):

os.remove(path)

def rename(old,new):

if os.path.exists(old):

os.rename(old, new)

def checkoutfile(path):

pass

def checkinfile(path):

pass

def lockfile(path):

pass

def unlockfile(path):

pass

def createfolder(path):

if not os.path.exists(path):

os.mkdir(path)

def createfolders(path):

if not os.path.exists(path):

os.makedirs(path);

def deletefolder(path):

if os.path.isdir(path):

os.rmdir(path)

def retreeExceptionHandler(fun,path,excinfo):

pass

def deletefolders(path):

# if os.path.isdir(path):

# os.removedirs(path)

shutil.rmtree(path,ignore_errors=False,οnerrοr=retreeExceptionHandler)

def movefile(old,new):

shutil.move(old, new)

def getfoldersize(path):

size = 0

for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):

size += sum([os.path.getsize(os.path.join(root, name)) for name in files])

return size

def searchfile(path,ext):

returnList=glob.glob1(path, ext)

return returnList

if __name__=='__main__':

listdir('c:/vDriver')

#searchfile('c:/vDriver','*.log')

上面的代码，根据方法的命名，就可以知道 python 操作文件以及文件夹的各种方法。

希望本文所述对大家Python程序设计有所帮助。