动词+ing形式的用法
动词的 -ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式,由动词原形加 -ing构成,可以在句子中用作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补语、状语和定语。一、动词-ing形式作主语
动词-ing形式作主语常用来表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:
Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours.
Swimming is the best sport in summer.
Seeing is believing.
注:有时,为了使句子保持平衡,可以用it作形式主语。如:
It’s nice talking with you.
It’s a waste of time arguing with such a woman.二、动词-ing形式作宾语
动词-ing形式既可作动词、短语动词的宾语,又可作介词的宾语。
1. 以下动词或短语需接动词-ing形式作宾语:admit, avoid, appreciate, consider, enjoy, finish, keep, mind, suggest等动词;dream of, feel like, give up, keep on, prefer… to, succeed in, think of等短语。
2. 在下列短语中,to是介词,后面应该用动词-ing形式作宾语:be / get used to, look forward to, devote … to, pay attention to等。
3. 有些动词既可能带-ing分词作宾语,也可以带to不定式作宾语,但在语义上却有很大的差别。
forget doing 忘记做过某事;forget to do 忘记要做某事
remember doing 记得做过某事;remember to do 记住要做某事
stop to do 停下来去做某事;stop doing 停止做某事
mean doing 意味着做;mean to do 打算做
try to do 努力做某事;try doing 试一试做某事
regret doing 后悔做了某事;regret to do 遗憾要做某事
can’t help doing 禁不住做;can’t help (to) do不能帮忙做
chance to do 碰巧去做某事;chance doing 冒险试一试做某事
go on to do 接着又做另一件事;go on doing 继续做同一件事
4. 在allow, advise, permit等动词后直接跟动词-ing形式作宾语,如果这些词后面有名词或代词作宾语,其后要用动词不定式作宾语补足语。如:
We don’t allow smoking in the office.
We don’t allow anyone to smoke in the office.
5. 动词need, require, want作“需要”解时,其后用动词-ing的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语,这时动词-ing的主动形式表示被动意义。如:
This old car needs repairing.
This old car needs to be repaired.三、动词-ing形式作表语
1. 说明主语的内容,表语和主语往往可以互换位置。如:
His job is teaching English. = Teaching English
is his job.