python 颜色_python可视化——matplotlib画图颜色控制

这里cd整理了python中matplotlib库中color可用的颜色，之前有人整理的是图片版，实际用的时候不怎么方便，因策这里整理了表格，颜色可以选择，方便使用。(用力戳“阅读原文”哈)

关于matplotlib中颜色的使用，有很多方式：

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1、用RGB或者RGBA元组，取值范围均归一到[0,1]，(e.g：(0.1, 0.2, 0.5) or (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.3))；
2、用十六进制的颜色表示方式代替RGB或者RGBA元组，(e.g., '#0F0F0F' or '#0F0F0F0F')；
3、用[0,1]中的浮点数字符串来表示，(e.g., 灰色表示为：'0.5')；
4、用缩写，{'b', 'g', 'r', 'c', 'm', 'y', 'k', 'w'}中的任意一个；
5、用以“xkcd:”为前缀的xkcd颜色名称，(e.g.,“xkcd:sky blue”)；
6、用 {'C0', 'C1', 'C2', 'C3', 'C4', 'C5', 'C6', 'C7', 'C8', 'C9'}，表示当前默认颜色列表中的颜色；
7、用来自' T10 '分类调色板的Tableau颜色(这是默认的颜色循环)当中的一个，{'tab:blue', 'tab:orange', 'tab:green', 'tab:red', 'tab:purple', 'tab:brown', 'tab:pink', 'tab:gray', 'tab:olive', 'tab:cyan'}；

所有颜色的字符串规范都不区分大小写。

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以上说明来自matplotlib官网：Specifying Colors

(https://matplotlib.org/users/colors.html)
Github上也有指定可用颜色的源文件：_color_data.py

(https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib/blob/master/lib/matplotlib/_color_data.py)
Stack Overflow中相关问题的回答也不错，可以瞅瞅：Named colors in matplotlib

(https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22408237/named-colors-in-matplotlib)

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首先是matplotlib库中colors中带的颜色库。如需在python上自行查看可输入：

from matplotlib import colors
colors.CSS4_COLORS

颜色对照表如下：(细心的话会发现#778899出现了两遍)

#000000	black	#228B22	forestgreen
#000000	k	#32CD32	limegreen
#696969	dimgray	#006400	darkgreen
#696969	dimgrey	#008000	g
#808080	gray	#008000	green
#808080	grey	#00FF00	lime
#A9A9A9	darkgray	#2E8B57	seagreen
#A9A9A9	darkgrey	#3CB371	mediumseagreen
#C0C0C0	silver	#00FF7F	springgreen
#D3D3D3	lightgray	#F5FFFA	mintcream
#D3D3D3	lightgrey	#00FA9A	mediumspringgreen
#DCDCDC	gainsboro	#66CDAA	mediumaquamarine
#F5F5F5	whitesmoke	#7FFFD4	aquamarine
#FFFFFF	w	#40E0D0	turquoise
#FFFFFF	white	#20B2AA	lightseagreen
#FFFAFA	snow	#48D1CC	mediumturquoise
#BC8F8F	rosybrown	#F0FFFF	azure
#F08080	lightcoral	#E0FFFF	lightcyan
#CD5C5C	indianred	#AFEEEE	paleturquoise
#A52A2A	brown	#2F4F4F	darkslategray
#B22222	firebrick	#2F4F4F	darkslategrey
#800000	maroon	#008080	teal
#8B0000	darkred	#008B8B	darkcyan
#FF0000	r	#00C0C0	c
#FF0000	red	#00FFFF	aqua
#FFE4E1	mistyrose	#00FFFF	cyan
#FA8072	salmon	#00CED1	darkturquoise
#FF6347	tomato	#5F9EA0	cadetblue
#E9967A	darksalmon	#B0E0E6	powderblue
#FF7F50	coral	#ADD8E6	lightblue
#FF4500	orangered	#00BFFF	deepskyblue
#FFA07A	lightsalmon	#87CEEB	skyblue
#A0522D	sienna	#87CEFA	lightskyblue
#FFF5EE	seashell	#4682B4	steelblue
#D2691E	chocolate	#F0F8FF	aliceblue
#8B4513	saddlebrown	#1E90FF	dodgerblue
#F4A460	sandybrown	#778899	lightslategray
#FFDAB9	peachpuff	#778899	lightslategrey
#CD853F	peru	#708090	slategray
#FAF0E6	linen	#708090	slategrey
#FFE4C4	bisque	#B0C4DE	lightsteelblue
#FF8C00	darkorange	#6495ED	cornflowerblue
#DEB887	burlywood	#4169E1	royalblue
#FAEBD7	antiquewhite	#F8F8FF	ghostwhite
#D2B48C	tan	#E6E6FA	lavender
#FFDEAD	navajowhite	#191970	midnightblue
#FFEBCD	blanchedalmond	#000080	navy
#FFEFD5	papayawhip	#00008B	darkblue
#FFE4B5	moccasin	#0000CD	mediumblue
#FFA500	orange	#0000FF	b
#F5DEB3	wheat	#0000FF	blue
#FDF5E6	oldlace	#6A5ACD	slateblue
#FFFAF0	floralwhite	#483D8B	darkslateblue
#B8860B	darkgoldenrod	#7B68EE	mediumslateblue
#DAA520	goldenrod	#9370DB	mediumpurple
#FFF8DC	cornsilk	#663399	rebeccapurple
#FFD700	gold	#8A2BE2	blueviolet
#FFFACD	lemonchiffon	#4B0082	indigo
#F0E68C	khaki	#9932CC	darkorchid
#EEE8AA	palegoldenrod	#9400D3	darkviolet
#BDB76B	darkkhaki	#BA55D3	mediumorchid
#FFFFF0	ivory	#D8BFD8	thistle
#F5F5DC	beige	#DDA0DD	plum
#FFFFE0	lightyellow	#EE82EE	violet
#FAFAD2	lightgoldenrodyellow	#800080	purple
#808000	olive	#8B008B	darkmagenta
#C0C000	y	#C000C0	m
#FFFF00	yellow	#FF00FF	fuchsia
#6B8E23	olivedrab	#FF00FF	magenta
#9ACD32	yellowgreen	#DA70D6	orchid
#556B2F	darkolivegreen	#C71585	mediumvioletred
#ADFF2F	greenyellow	#FF1493	deeppink
#7FFF00	chartreuse	#FF69B4	hotpink
#7CFC00	lawngreen	#FFF0F5	lavenderblush
#F0FFF0	honeydew	#DB7093	palevioletred
#8FBC8F	darkseagreen	#DC143C	crimson
#98FB98	palegreen	#FFC0CB	pink
#90EE90	lightgreen	#FFB6C1	lightpink

此外，如果用xkcd颜色名称，画图时设置颜色时通过增加“xkcd:”即可达到效果，(e.g.,“xkcd:sky blue”)。自行查看可通过matplotlib中的colors颜色库查看：

from matplotlib import colors
colors.XKCD_COLORS

也可以通过查seaborn中的seaborn.xkcd_rgb查到：

import seaborn
seaborn.xkcd_rgb

颜色显示如下：

#000000	black	#98f6b0	light sea green
#ffffff	white	#02ab2e	kelly green
#bb3f3f	dull red	#019529	irish green
#4b0101	dried blood	#0a481e	pine green
#840000	dark red	#65ab7c	tea
#e50000	red	#a0febf	light seafoam
#9a0200	deep red	#48c072	dark mint
#4a0100	mahogany	#33b864	cool green
#db5856	pastel red	#76fda8	light bluish green
#c44240	reddish	#80f9ad	seafoam
#fd5956	grapefruit	#009337	kelley green
#410200	deep brown	#7af9ab	seafoam green
#cf524e	dark coral	#02c14d	shamrock green
#d9544d	pale red	#3ae57f	weird green
#fc5a50	coral	#1ef876	spearmint
#c85a53	dark salmon	#40a368	greenish
#c27e79	brownish pink	#01b44c	shamrock
#1d0200	very dark brown	#7efbb3	light blue green
#850e04	indian red	#35ad6b	seaweed green
#ff796c	salmon	#01a049	emerald
#c8aca9	pinkish grey	#56fca2	light green blue
#6e1005	reddy brown	#53fca1	sea green
#997570	reddish grey