hibernate jar包_Hibernate 中怎么用 Java Persistence API (JPA)？

引言

在hibernate中，有三种方式来实现crud。

1. hibernate api+ hbm.xml(xml配置文件)
2. hibernate api+Annotation Mappings(注解)
3. Java Persistence API (JPA)

熟悉hibernate的同学都知道，前两种是用的比较多的。jpa呢在spring data 中也用过，但是原生的jpa这套api本人还没有用过。所以今天趁机来玩一玩，应该对学spring data jpa有些帮助。

什么是JPA

JPA是Java Persistence API的简称，早期有很多orm框架，这些框架各自为王，自己都有自己标准，因此sun为了统一orm框架，因此提出了这套规范，很明显hibernate就实现了这套规范。

环境搭建

下载jar

http://sourceforge.net/projects/hibernate/files/hibernate-orm/5.0.7.Final/hibernate-release-5.0.7.Final.zip/download

导入jar包

特别注意的是 hibernate-entitymanager-5.0.7.Final.jar，一定要导。在jpa文件下面。

新建persistence.xml

这里需要注意的，此文件必须放在META-INF包下,比如：

至于为什么嘛，乌龟的屁股，规定啊。

编写persistence.xml

org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvidercom.javazzh.hibernate.demo1.CstCustomer

创建持久化类

import javax.persistence.*;@Entity@Table(name="cst_customer")public class Customer { @Id @Column(name = "cust_id") @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) private Long custId; @Column(name = "cust_name") private String custName; @Column(name = "cust_user_id") private Long custUserId; @Column(name = "cust_create_Id") private Long custCreateId; @Column(name = "cust_source") private String custSource; @Column(name = "cust_industry") private String custIndustry; @Column(name = "cust_level") private String custLevel; @Column(name = "cust_linkman") private String custLinkman; @Column(name = "cust_phone") private String custPhone; @Column(name = "cust_mobile") private String custMobile; 省略getter/setter...}

api使用

保存

查询单个对象

修改

删除

查询列表

这里的 from Customer 看上去和hql一样，但是实际上叫做 jpql，哈哈 换汤不换药。

分页查询

代码如下：

/** * 保存客户 */@Testpublic void test0(){ /*1.获取实体管理工厂*/ EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence. createEntityManagerFactory("jpa"); /*2.获取实体管理*/ EntityManager entityManager = factory.createEntityManager(); /*3.获取事务对象*/ EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction(); /*4.开启事务*/ transaction.begin(); Customer customer = new Customer(); customer.setCustName("学友"); customer.setCustLevel("王者"); /*5.操作*/ entityManager.persist(customer); /*6.提交事务*/ transaction.commit(); /*7.关闭实体管理*/ entityManager.close();}/** * 根据id查询客户 */@Testpublic void test1(){ /*1.获取实体管理工厂*/ EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence. createEntityManagerFactory("jpa"); /*2.获取实体管理*/ EntityManager entityManager = factory.createEntityManager(); /*3.获取事务对象*/ EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction(); /*4.开启事务*/ transaction.begin(); /*5.操作*/ //find == session.get //Customer customer = entityManager.find(Customer.class, 2L); //getReference == session.load Customer customer = entityManager.getReference(Customer.class, 2L); System.out.println(customer.getCustName()); /*6.提交事务*/ transaction.commit(); /*7.关闭实体管理*/ entityManager.close();}/** * 修改客户 */@Testpublic void test2(){ /*1.获取实体管理工厂*/ EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence. createEntityManagerFactory("jpa"); /*2.获取实体管理*/ EntityManager entityManager = factory.createEntityManager(); /*3.获取事务对象*/ EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction(); /*4.开启事务*/ transaction.begin(); /*5.操作*/ Customer customer = entityManager.find(Customer.class, 2L); customer.setCustName("学友"); entityManager.persist(customer); /*6.提交事务*/ transaction.commit(); /*7.关闭实体管理*/ entityManager.close();}/** * 删除客户 */@Testpublic void test3(){ /*1.获取实体管理工厂*/ EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence. createEntityManagerFactory("jpa"); /*2.获取实体管理*/ EntityManager entityManager = factory.createEntityManager(); /*3.获取事务对象*/ EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction(); /*4.开启事务*/ transaction.begin(); /*5.操作*/ Customer customer = entityManager.find(Customer.class, 2L); entityManager.remove(customer); /*6.提交事务*/ transaction.commit(); /*7.关闭实体管理*/ entityManager.close();}/** * 查询列表 */@Testpublic void test4(){ /*1.获取实体管理工厂*/ EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence. createEntityManagerFactory("jpa"); /*2.获取实体管理*/ EntityManager entityManager = factory.createEntityManager(); /*3.获取事务对象*/ EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction(); /*4.开启事务*/ transaction.begin(); /*5.操作*/ List list = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer