advice 和 拦截器_Filter过滤器,Interceptor拦截器，ControllerAdvice,Aspect切片

上图为在web项目中，在处理request请求时得处理顺序

在项目中我们改怎么使用呢？

Filter过滤器

/**

* Created by GAOMINGQIAN on 2017/12/10.

*

* Filter只能获取到请求的request和response。获取不到其他的信息

* 因为Filter属于J2EE的内容，不知道spring

*

*

*/

//@Component

public class TimeFilter implements Filter {

//初始化的时候调用

@Override

public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

System.out.println("time filter init");

}

@Override

public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {

System.out.println("time filter start");

long start=new Date().getTime();

filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);

System.out.println("time filter end:"+(new Date().getTime()-start));

System.out.println("time filter finsh");

}

//销毁时调用

@Override

public void destroy() {

System.out.println("time filter destory");

}

}

上述内容中有一个@Component注解，当我们不想使用时，需要在config类中进行注册

//配置一个过滤器

@Bean

public FilterRegistrationBean timeFilter() {

//filter注册用的bean

FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean();

TimeFilter timeFilter = new TimeFilter();

filterRegistrationBean.setFilter(timeFilter);

List urls = new ArrayList<>();

urls.add("/*");

//设置filter对那些请求有作用，这里设置的是对所有的请求都有作用

filterRegistrationBean.setUrlPatterns(urls);

return filterRegistrationBean;

}

Interceptor拦截器

/**

* Created by GAOMINGQIAN on 2017/12/10.

*/

public class TimeInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {

//该方法的返回值决定后续的方法是否执行(controller中的方法)

@Override

public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o) throws Exception {

System.out.println("preHandle");

//获取controller类名称

System.out.println(((HandlerMethod) o).getBean().getClass().getName());

//获取执行method的名字

System.out.println(((HandlerMethod)o).getMethod().getName());

httpServletRequest.setAttribute("startTime", new Date().getTime());

return true;

}

//当controller抛出异常时，该方法不会被调用

@Override

public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {

System.out.println("postHandle");

long start = (Long) httpServletRequest.getAttribute("startTime");

System.out.println("time interceptor耗时" + (new Date().getTime() - start));

}

@Override

public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) throws Exception {

System.out.println("afterCompletion");

long start = (Long) httpServletRequest.getAttribute("startTime");

System.out.println("time interceptor耗时" + (new Date().getTime() - start));

//当无异常的时候，e的值为null，有自定义异常时，也会为Null

System.out.println(e);

}

}

需要在配置类中声明才能使用，继承WebMvcConfigurerAdapter

//告诉spring这是一个配置类

@Configuration

public class WebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter{

@Override

public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {

//注册当前的拦截器

registry.addInterceptor(new TimeInterceptor());

}

}

Aspect切片使用

/**

* Created by GAOMINGQIAN on 2017/12/10.

*/

@Aspect

@Component

public class TimeAspect {

//around中的execution中的内容代表对哪些方法进行拦截

@Around("execution(* study.security.web.controller.UserController.*(..))")

public Object handlerControllerMethod(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable {

System.out.println("time aspect start");

//获取执行方法的参数

Object[] args = pjp.getArgs();

long start = new Date().getTime();

//执行拦截的方法 result为拦截方法的返回值

Object result = pjp.proceed();

System.out.println("time aspect 耗时：" + (new Date().getTime() - start));

return result;

}

}

ControllerAdvice，主要用于异常处理的控制器

/**

* Created by GAOMINGQIAN on 2017/12/10.

*/

@ControllerAdvice

public class ControllerHandlerException {

@ExceptionHandler(UserNotExistException.class)

@ResponseBody

@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)

public Map handleUserNotExistException(UserNotExistException ex) {

Map result = new HashedMap();

//放置需要响应的内容

result.put("message",ex.getMessage());

return result;

}

}

优缺点介绍：

Filter过滤器：可以拿到request,response但是拿不到处理方法的信息

Interceptor拦截器：可以拿到request,response，也可以拿到处理方法的信息，但是拿不到处理方法参数的值

Aspect切片：可以拿到处理方法的所有信息，但是拿不到request,response