Java 编码的字符串_Java字符串的编码

package com.what21.base19;

import java.nio.charset.Charset;

import java.util.Iterator;

import java.util.Map;

import java.util.Set;

/**

* Java支持的编码

*/

public class SupportEncodeTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Map availcs = Charset.availableCharsets();

Set keys = availcs.keySet();

for (Iterator iter = keys.iterator(); iter.hasNext();) {

System.out.println(iter.next());

}

}

}

package com.what21.base19;

import java.io.FileWriter;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

import java.nio.charset.Charset;

/**

* Java字符串的编码

*/

public class EncodeTest {

/**

* @param args

* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException

*/

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

// Java中字符仅以一种形式存在，那就是Unicode.

String str = "中";

String str2 = "\u4E2D";

System.out.println(str.equals(str2));

// Java中的字符是以Unicode的形式表达的，转字节数组后变成GBK编码，与操作系统一致

System.out.println(compareEncode(str,"GBK"));

System.out.println(compareEncode(str,"Unicode"));

System.out.println(compareEncode(str,"UTF-16"));

System.out.println(compareEncode(str,"UTF-16BE"));

System.out.println(compareEncode(str,"UTF-16LE"));

// 获取默认编码，与操作系统有关系，默认是中文GBK编码

System.out.println("default charset is: " + Charset.defaultCharset());

System.out.println("default charset is: " +

System.getProperty("file.encoding"));

FileWriter filewriter = new FileWriter("out");

String encname = filewriter.getEncoding();

filewriter.close();

System.out.println("default charset is: " + encname);

}

/**

* @param str

* @param encode

* @return

* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException

*/

private static boolean compareEncode(String str,String encode)

throws UnsupportedEncodingException{

byte[] bt = str.getBytes();

byte[] bt2 = str.getBytes(encode);

if(bt.length != bt2.length){

System.out.println(bt.length);

System.out.println(bt2.length);

}else{

boolean result = true;

for(int i=0;i

if(bt[i]!=bt2[i]){

result = false;

}

}

return result;

}

return false;

}

}

package com.what21.base19;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

/**

* Java字符串编码转换

*/

public class ChangeCharset {

/** 7位ASCII字符，也叫作ISO646-US、Unicode字符集的基本拉丁块 */

public static final String US_ASCII = "US-ASCII";

/** ISO 拉丁字母表 No.1，也叫作 ISO-LATIN-1 */

public static final String ISO_8859_1 = "ISO-8859-1";

/** 8 位 UCS 转换格式 */

public static final String UTF_8 = "UTF-8";

/** 16 位 UCS 转换格式，Big Endian(最低地址存放高位字节)字节顺序 */

public static final String UTF_16BE = "UTF-16BE";

/** 16 位 UCS 转换格式，Little-endian(最高地址存放低位字节)字节顺序 */

public static final String UTF_16LE = "UTF-16LE";

/** 16 位 UCS 转换格式，字节顺序由可选的字节顺序标记来标识 */

public static final String UTF_16 = "UTF-16";

/** 中文超大字符集 */

public static final String GBK = "GBK";

/**

* 将字符编码转换成US-ASCII码

*/

public String toASCII(String str) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {

return this.changeCharset(str, US_ASCII);

}

/**

* 将字符编码转换成ISO-8859-1码

*/

public String toISO_8859_1(String str) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {

return this.changeCharset(str, ISO_8859_1);

}

/**

* 将字符编码转换成UTF-8码

*/

public String toUTF_8(String str) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {

return this.changeCharset(str, UTF_8);

}

/**

* 将字符编码转换成UTF-16BE码

*/

public String toUTF_16BE(String str) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {

return this.changeCharset(str, UTF_16BE);

}

/**

* 将字符编码转换成UTF-16LE码

*/

public String toUTF_16LE(String str) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {

return this.changeCharset(str, UTF_16LE);

}

/**

* 将字符编码转换成UTF-16码

*/

public String toUTF_16(String str) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {

return this.changeCharset(str, UTF_16);

}

/**

* 将字符编码转换成GBK码

*/

public String toGBK(String str) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {

return this.changeCharset(str, GBK);

}

/**

* 字符串编码转换的实现方法

*

* @param str 待转换编码的字符串

* @param newCharset 目标编码

* @return

* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException

*/

public String changeCharset(String str, String newCharset)

throws UnsupportedEncodingException {

if (str != null) {

// 用默认字符编码解码字符串。

byte[] bs = str.getBytes();

// 用新的字符编码生成字符串

return new String(bs, newCharset);

}

return null;

}

/**

* 字符串编码转换的实现方法

*

* @param str 待转换编码的字符串

* @param oldCharset 原编码

* @param newCharset 目标编码

* @return

* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException

*/

public String changeCharset(String str, String oldCharset, String newCharset)

throws UnsupportedEncodingException {

if (str != null) {

// 用旧的字符编码解码字符串。解码可能会出现异常。

byte[] bs = str.getBytes(oldCharset);

// 用新的字符编码生成字符串

return new String(bs, newCharset);

}

return null;

}

/**

* @param args

* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException

*/

public static void main(String[] args) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {

ChangeCharset test = new ChangeCharset();

String str = "This is a 中文的 String!";

System.out.println("str: " + str);

String gbk = test.toGBK(str);

System.out.println("转换成GBK码: " + gbk);

System.out.println();

String ascii = test.toASCII(str);

System.out.println("转换成US-ASCII码: " + ascii);

gbk = test.changeCharset(ascii, ChangeCharset.US_ASCII,

ChangeCharset.GBK);

System.out.println("再把ASCII码的字符串转换成GBK码: " + gbk);

System.out.println();

String iso88591 = test.toISO_8859_1(str);

System.out.println("转换成ISO-8859-1码: " + iso88591);

gbk = test.changeCharset(iso88591, ChangeCharset.ISO_8859_1,

ChangeCharset.GBK);

System.out.println("再把ISO-8859-1码的字符串转换成GBK码: " + gbk);

System.out.println();

String utf8 = test.toUTF_8(str);

System.out.println("转换成UTF-8码: " + utf8);

gbk = test.changeCharset(utf8, ChangeCharset.UTF_8, ChangeCharset.GBK);

System.out.println("再把UTF-8码的字符串转换成GBK码: " + gbk);

System.out.println();

String utf16be = test.toUTF_16BE(str);

System.out.println("转换成UTF-16BE码:" + utf16be);

gbk = test.changeCharset(utf16be, ChangeCharset.UTF_16BE,

ChangeCharset.GBK);

System.out.println("再把UTF-16BE码的字符串转换成GBK码: " + gbk);

System.out.println();

String utf16le = test.toUTF_16LE(str);

System.out.println("转换成UTF-16LE码:" + utf16le);

gbk = test.changeCharset(utf16le, ChangeCharset.UTF_16LE,

ChangeCharset.GBK);

System.out.println("再把UTF-16LE码的字符串转换成GBK码: " + gbk);

System.out.println();

String utf16 = test.toUTF_16(str);

System.out.println("转换成UTF-16码:" + utf16);

gbk = test.changeCharset(utf16, ChangeCharset.UTF_16LE,

ChangeCharset.GBK);

System.out.println("再把UTF-16码的字符串转换成GBK码: " + gbk);

String s = new String("中文".getBytes("UTF-8"), "UTF-8");

System.out.println(s);

}

}