matplotlib.colors模块正是您所需要的.这提供了许多类,可以从值映射到colourmap值.
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.cm as cm
lst = [1.9378076554115014, 1.2084586588892861, 1.2133096565896173, 1.2427632053442292,
1.1809971732733273, 0.91960143581348919, 1.1106310149587162, 1.1106310149587162,
1.1527004351293346, 0.87318084435885079, 1.1666132876686799, 1.1666132876686799]
minima = min(lst)
maxima = max(lst)
norm = matplotlib.colors.Normalize(vmin=minima, vmax=maxima, clip=True)
mapper = cm.ScalarMappable(norm=norm, cmap=cm.Greys_r)
for v in lst:
print(mapper.to_rgba(v))
一般方法是在数据中找到最小值和最大值.使用这些来创建Normalize实例(其他规范化类可用,例如对数比例).接下来,使用Normalize实例和您选择的colormap创建ScalarMappable.然后,您可以使用mapper.to_rgba(v)从输入值v(通过标准化比例)映射到目标颜色.
for v in sorted(lst):
print("%.4f: %.4f" % (v, mapper.to_rgba(v)[0]) )
产生输出:
0.8732: 0.0000
0.9196: 0.0501
1.1106: 0.2842
1.1106: 0.2842
1.1527: 0.3348
1.1666: 0.3469
1.1666: 0.3469
1.1810: 0.3632
1.2085: 0.3875
1.2133: 0.3916
1.2428: 0.4200
1.9378: 1.0000
如果需要,matplotlib.colors module documentation有更多信息.