Matplotlib允许将facecolors作为参数传递给例如
ax.plot_surface.
这意味着您必须在自己的电脑上执行2D插值
当前的颜色数组,因为您当前仅在
矩形面的角(您确实提到您有一个直线
格).
给你一个简单的例子:
import numpy as np
y,x = np.mgrid[1:10:10j, 1:10:10j] # returns 2D arrays
# You have 1D arrays that would make a rectangular grid if properly reshaped.
y,x = y.ravel(), x.ravel() # so let's convert to 1D arrays
z = x*(x-y)
colors = np.cos(x**2) - np.sin(y)**2
现在,我有一个与您相似的数据集(x,y,z和
颜色).请注意,颜色是为
每个点(x,y).但是,当您要使用plot_surface进行绘制时,
生成矩形斑块,其角由那些点给出.
因此,接着进行插值:
from scipy.interpolate import RectBivariateSpline
# from scipy.interpolate import interp2d # could 've used this too, but docs suggest the faster RectBivariateSpline
# Define the points at the centers of the faces:
y_coords, x_coords = np.unique(y), np.unique(x)
y_centers, x_centers = [ arr[:-1] + np.diff(arr)/2 for arr in (y_coords, x_coords)]
# Convert back to a 2D grid, required for plot_surface:
Y = y.reshape(y_coords.size, -1)
X = x.reshape(-1, x_coords.size)
Z = z.reshape(X.shape)
C = colors.reshape(X.shape)
#Normalize the colors to fit in the range 0-1, ready for using in the colormap:
C -= C.min()
C /= C.max()
interp_func = RectBivariateSpline(x_coords, y_coords, C.T, kx=1, ky=1) # the kx, ky define the order of interpolation. Keep it simple, use linear interpolation.
在最后一步中,您可能还已经使用过interp2d(with kind =’linear’
替换kx = 1,ky = 1).但是由于文档建议使用更快
RectBivariateSpline …
现在您可以绘制它了:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.cm as cm
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
r = ax.plot_surface(X,Y,Z,
facecolors=cm.hot(interp_func(x_centers, y_centers).T),
rstride=1, cstride=1) # only added because of this very limited dataset
如您所见,面上的颜色与数据集的高度无关.
请注意,您可能以为只需将2D数组C传递给facecolors就可以了,而matplotlib不会抱怨.但是,结果是不准确的,因为matplotlib将仅使用C的一部分作为面色(它似乎忽略了C的最后一列和最后一行).这等效于仅使用由整个色块中一个坐标(例如,左上角)定义的颜色.
一种更简单的方法是让matplotlib进行插值并获取facecolor,然后将其传递给实际图:
r = ax.plot_surface(X,Y,C, cmap='hot') # first plot the 2nd dataset, i.e. the colors
fc = r.get_facecolors()
ax.clear()
ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, facecolors=fc)