python异常捕获_python异常捕获try except

tommy@lab3:~$ python

Python 2.5.2 (r252:60911, Jan 4 2009, 17:40:26)

[GCC 4.3.2] on linux2

Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

>>> 1/0

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "", line 1, in

ZeroDivisionError: integer division or modulo by zero

>>>

>>> try:

... 1/0

... except:

... print "do something..."

...

do something...

>>>

2. try...finally

finally 里面只是执行完成try中的代码后，必须执行的代码，

即使是 try中有异常抛出，也是会去执行finally

>>> try:

... 1/0

... finally:

... print "I just finally do something ,eg: clear!"

...

I just finally do something ,eg: clear!

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "", line 2, in

ZeroDivisionError: integer division or modulo by zero

>>>

所以，一般情况下，finally里面执行的都是一些清理工作，比如：关闭文件描述符，释放锁等

>>> try:

... fd=open("have-exists-file", "r")

... print "do some thing ,read file ,write file..."

... finally:

... fd.close()

...

do some thing ,read file ,write file...

>>>

多线程中，对锁的使用

tommy@lab3:~$ python

Python 2.5.2 (r252:60911, Jan 4 2009, 17:40:26)

[GCC 4.3.2] on linux2

Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

>>> import threading

>>> l_lock=threading.RLock()

>>> try:

... l_lock.acquire()

... print "do some thing."

... finally:

... l_lock.release()

...

True

do some thing.

>>>

注意，finally中，如果出现异常，外部如果没有相应的捕获机制，该异常会层层抛出，直到最顶端，然后解释器停止

一般我们会这样做

>>> try:

... try:

... fd=open("no-exists-file", "r")

... print "do some thing ,read file ,write file..."

... finally:

... fd.close()

...except:

... print "catch finally exception."

do some thing ,read file ,write file...

>>>

3. 封装了一个全局的捕获异常的函数（偶比较懒，就用了全部的捕获异常方法）

import traceback

import sys

def trace_back():

try:

return traceback.print_exc()

except:

return ''

具体使用

try:

do_something()

except:

print trace_back()

写的比较散，主要是想说说，python异常的简单使用，已经封装的一个简单的获得异常发生时，全局保持的异常信息（可能不准确，但基本够用）