python中pd是什么意思_何时申请(pd.to_numeric)以及何时在python中使用...

如果已经有数字dtypes(int8 | 16 | 32 | 64,float64,boolean),则可以使用Pandas .astype()方法将其转换为另一个“数字”dtype.

演示：

In [90]: df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randint(10**5,10**7,(5,3)),columns=list('abc'), dtype=np.int64)

In [91]: df

Out[91]:

a b c

0 9059440 9590567 2076918

1 5861102 4566089 1947323

2 6636568 162770 2487991

3 6794572 5236903 5628779

4 470121 4044395 4546794

In [92]: df.dtypes

Out[92]:

a int64

b int64

c int64

dtype: object

In [93]: df['a'] = df['a'].astype(float)

In [94]: df.dtypes

Out[94]:

a float64

b int64

c int64

dtype: object

它不适用于无法转换为数字的对象(字符串)dtypes：

In [95]: df.loc[1, 'b'] = 'XXXXXX'

In [96]: df

Out[96]:

a b c

0 9059440.0 9590567 2076918

1 5861102.0 XXXXXX 1947323

2 6636568.0 162770 2487991

3 6794572.0 5236903 5628779

4 470121.0 4044395 4546794

In [97]: df.dtypes

Out[97]:

a float64

b object

c int64

dtype: object

In [98]: df['b'].astype(float)

...

skipped

...

ValueError: could not convert string to float: 'XXXXXX'

In [99]: df['b'] = pd.to_numeric(df['b'], errors='coerce')

In [100]: df

Out[100]:

a b c

0 9059440.0 9590567.0 2076918

1 5861102.0 NaN 1947323

2 6636568.0 162770.0 2487991

3 6794572.0 5236903.0 5628779

4 470121.0 4044395.0 4546794

In [101]: df.dtypes

Out[101]:

a float64

b float64

c int64

dtype: object