电脑配置：
操作系统：window 8.1
Matlab 2012a安装路径：D:\Program Files\MATLAB\R2012a
VS2010 :
OpenCV 2.4.3：D:\Program Files\opencv
补充说明：
在配置前，先检查一下系统变量：
1.若缺少系统变量(该路径必须添加！！！)：
D:\Program Files\MATLAB\R2012a\runtime\win64
导致结果：程序无法正常启动0x000007b。请单击“确定”关闭应用程序
注意变量配置后记得重启才会生效，而且添加路径要在英文符号下加入” ; ”,末尾不需要加分号！！！！
2.其他变量：可加可不加，经验证不会影响结果！！！
(1)用户变量：
D:\Program Files\MATLAB\R2012a\bin\win64
D:\Program Files\MATLAB\R2012a\runtime\win64
(2)系统变量：
D:\Program Files\MATLAB\R2012a\bin\win64
本文转自博客：http://www.cnblogs.com/newpanderking/articles/4057977.html
1、背景
众所周知，matlab在处理矩阵、数学计算、计算机仿真、图像处理等方面有着 c c++无可比拟的优势，但是做成系统供使用时，又显得过于粗糙，为了使用起来高大上，计算起来有简单，方便。无疑，c++ 与matlab混合编程将会使非常靠谱的选择。
这里暂且不论所谓的matlab效率低，c/c++效率高的问题，自我感觉，以我目前编码的功底，所编写的代码的效率远远不及matlab提供的代码的效率。除非你是大牛，或者你是人云亦云，所以能用matlab混合c++编码还是很不错的选择，话不多说，我们开始讨论正题。
2、我使用的版本是matlab2012与vs2010混合编程的。
软件的下载这里就不多说了，我相信看这篇教程的你，这两个软件已经安装的妥妥当当的了。
这里我选用网上常用来做例子的matlab代码做测试，spline.m,该文件位于
D:\Program Files\MATLAB\R2012a\toolbox\matlab\polyfun
当然该文件中依赖调用另一个文件chckxy.m，该文件也在这条路径下。找到后复制到matlab的工作目录下。
这里为了方便提供两个文件的代码：
spline.m
function output = spline(x,y,xx)
%SPLINE Cubic spline data interpolation.
% PP = SPLINE(X,Y) provides the piecewise polynomial form of the
% cubic spline interpolant to the data values Y at the data sites X,
% for use with the evaluator PPVAL and the spline utility UNMKPP.
% X must be a vector.
% If Y is a vector, then Y(j) is taken as the value to be matched at X(j),
% hence Y must be of the same length as X -- see below for an exception
% to this.
% If Y is a matrix or ND array, then Y(:,...,:,j) is taken as the value to
% be matched at X(j), hence the last dimension of Y must equal length(X) --
% see below for an exception to this.
%
% YY = SPLINE(X,Y,XX) is the same as YY = PPVAL(SPLINE(X,Y),XX), thus
% providing, in YY, the values of the interpolant at XX. For information
% regarding the size of YY see PPVAL.
%
% Ordinarily, the not-a-knot end conditions are used. However, if Y contains
% two more values than X has entries, then the first and last value in Y are
% used as the endslopes for the cubic spline. If Y is a vector, this
% means:
% f(X) = Y(:end-), Df(min(X))=Y(), Df(max(X))=Y(end).
% If Y is a matrix or N-D array with SIZE(Y,N) equal to LENGTH(X)+, then
% f(X(j)) matches the value Y(:,...,:,j+) for j=:LENGTH(X), then
% Df(min(X)) matches Y(:,:,...:,) and Df(max(X)) matches Y(:,:,...:,end).
%
% Example:
% This generates a sine-like spline curve and samples it over a finer mesh:
% x = :; y = sin(x);
% xx = :.:;
% yy = spline(x,y,xx);
% plot(x,y,'o',xx,yy)
%
% Example:
% This illustrates the use of clamped or complete spline interpolation where
% end slopes are prescribed. In this example, zero slopes at the ends of an
% interpolant to the values of a certain distribution are enforced:
% x = -:; y = [ . 1.12 2.36 2.36 1.46 . . ];
% cs = spline(x,[ y ]);
% xx = linspace(-,,);
% plot(x,y,'o',xx,ppval(cs,xx),'-');
%
% Class support for inputs x, y, xx:
% float: double, single
%
% See also INTERP1, PCHIP, PPVAL, MKPP, UNMKPP.
% Carl de Boor --
% Copyright - The MathWorks, Inc.
% $Revision: 5.18.4.6 $ $Date: // :: $
% Check that data are acceptable and, if not, try to adjust them appropriately
[x,y,sizey,endslopes] = mychckxy(x,y);
n = length(x); yd = prod(sizey);
% Generate the cubic spline interpolant in ppform
dd = ones(yd,); dx = diff(x); divdif = diff(y,[],)./dx(dd,:);
if n==
if isempty(endslopes) % the interpolant is a straight line
pp=mkpp(x,[divdif y(:,)],sizey);
else % the interpolant is the cubic Hermite polynomial
pp = pwch(x,y,endslopes,dx,divdif); pp.dim = sizey;
end
elseif n==&&isempty(endslopes) % the interpolant is a parabola
y(:,:)=divdif;
y(:,)=diff(divdif')'/(x()-x());
y(:,)=y(:,)-y(:,)*dx();
pp = mkpp(x([,]),y(:,[ ]),sizey);
else % set up the sparse, tridiagonal, linear system b = ?*c for the slopes
b=zeros(yd,n);
b(:,:n-)=*(dx(dd,:n-).*divdif(:,:n-)+dx(dd,:n-).*divdif(:,:n-));
if isempty(endslopes)
x31=x()-x();xn=x(n)-x(n-);
b(:,)=((dx()+*x31)*dx()*divdif(:,)+dx()^*divdif(:,))/x31;
b(:,n)=...
(dx(n-)^*divdif(:,n-)+(*xn+dx(n-))*dx(n-)*divdif(:,n-))/xn;
else
x31 = ; xn = ; b(:,[ n]) = dx(dd,[ n-]).*endslopes;
end
dxt = dx(:);
c = spdiags([ [x31;dxt(:n-);] ...
[dxt();*(dxt(:n-)+dxt(:n-));dxt(n-)] ...
[;dxt(:n-);xn] ],[- ],n,n);
% sparse linear equation solution for the slopes
mmdflag = spparms('autommd');
spparms('autommd',);
s=b/c;
spparms('autommd',mmdflag);
% construct piecewise cubic Hermite interpolant
% to values and computed slopes
pp = pwch(x,y,s,dx,divdif); pp.dim = sizey;
end
if nargin==, output = pp; else output = ppval(pp,xx); end
chckxy.m
function [x,y,sizey,endslopes] = mychckxy(x,y)
%CHCKXY check and adjust input for SPLINE and PCHIP
% [X,Y,SIZEY] = CHCKXY(X,Y) checks the data sites X and corresponding data
% values Y, making certain that there are exactly as many sites as values,
% that no two data sites are the same, removing any data points that involve
% NaNs, reordering the sites if necessary to ensure that X is a strictly
% increasing row vector and reordering the data values correspondingly,
% and reshaping Y if necessary to make sure that it is a matrix, with Y(:,j)
% the data value corresponding to the data site X(j), and with SIZEY the
% actual dimensions of the given values.
% This call to CHCKXY is suitable for PCHIP.
%
% [X,Y,SIZEY,ENDSLOPES] = CHCKXY(X,Y) also considers the possibility that
% there are two more data values than there are data sites.
% If there are, then the first and the last data value are removed from Y
% and returned separately as ENDSLOPES. Otherwise, an empty ENDSLOPES is
% returned. This call to CHCKXY is suitable for SPLINE.
%
% See also PCHIP, SPLINE.
% Copyright - The MathWorks, Inc.
% make sure X is a vector:
if length(find(size(x)>))>
error(message('MATLAB:chckxy:XNotVector'))
end
% ensure X is real
if any(~isreal(x))
error(message('MATLAB:chckxy:XComplex'))
end
% deal with NaN's among the sites:
nanx = find(isnan(x));
if ~isempty(nanx)
x(nanx) = [];
warning(message('MATLAB:chckxy:nan'))
end
n=length(x);
if n<
error(message('MATLAB:chckxy:NotEnoughPts'))
end
% re-sort, if needed, to ensure strictly increasing site sequence:
x=x(:).';
dx = diff(x);
if any(dx
if ~all(dx), error(message('MATLAB:chckxy:RepeatedSites')), end
% if Y is ND, reshape it to a matrix by combining all dimensions but the last:
sizey = size(y);
while length(sizey)>&&sizey(end)==, sizey(end) = []; end
yn = sizey(end);
sizey(end)=[];
yd = prod(sizey);
if length(sizey)>
y = reshape(y,yd,yn);
else
% if Y happens to be a column matrix, change it to the expected row matrix.
if yn==
yn = yd;
y = reshape(y,,yn);
yd = ;
sizey = yd;
end
end
% determine whether not-a-knot or clamped end conditions are to be used:
nstart = n+length(nanx);
if yn==nstart
endslopes = [];
elseif nargout==&&yn==nstart+
endslopes = y(:,[ n+]); y(:,[ n+])=[];
if any(isnan(endslopes))
error(message('MATLAB:chckxy:EndslopeNaN'))
end
if any(isinf(endslopes))
error(message('MATLAB:chckxy:EndslopeInf'))
end
else
error(message('MATLAB:chckxy:NumSitesMismatchValues',nstart, yn))
end
% deal with NaN's among the values:
if ~isempty(nanx)
y(:,nanx) = [];
end
y=y(:,ind);
nany = find(sum(isnan(y),));
if ~isempty(nany)
y(:,nany) = []; x(nany) = [];
warning(message('MATLAB:chckxy:IgnoreNaN'))
n = length(x);
if n<
error(message('MATLAB:chckxy:NotEnoughPts'))
end
end
function [x,y,sizey,endslopes] = mychckxy(x,y)
%CHCKXY check and adjust input for SPLINE and PCHIP
% [X,Y,SIZEY] = CHCKXY(X,Y) checks the data sites X and corresponding data
% values Y, making certain that there are exactly as many sites as values,
% that no two data sites are the same, removing any data points that involve
% NaNs, reordering the sites if necessary to ensure that X is a strictly
% increasing row vector and reordering the data values correspondingly,
% and reshaping Y if necessary to make sure that it is a matrix, with Y(:,j)
% the data value corresponding to the data site X(j), and with SIZEY the
% actual dimensions of the given values.
% This call to CHCKXY is suitable for PCHIP.
%
% [X,Y,SIZEY,ENDSLOPES] = CHCKXY(X,Y) also considers the possibility that
% there are two more data values than there are data sites.
% If there are, then the first and the last data value are removed from Y
% and returned separately as ENDSLOPES. Otherwise, an empty ENDSLOPES is
% returned. This call to CHCKXY is suitable for SPLINE.
%
% See also PCHIP, SPLINE.
% Copyright 1984-2011 The MathWorks, Inc.
% make sure X is a vector:
if length(find(size(x)>1))>1
error(message('MATLAB:chckxy:XNotVector'))
end
% ensure X is real
if any(~isreal(x))
error(message('MATLAB:chckxy:XComplex'))
end
% deal with NaN's among the sites:
nanx = find(isnan(x));
if ~isempty(nanx)
x(nanx) = [];
warning(message('MATLAB:chckxy:nan'))
end
n=length(x);
if n<2
error(message('MATLAB:chckxy:NotEnoughPts'))
end
% re-sort, if needed, to ensure strictly increasing site sequence:
x=x(:).';
dx = diff(x);
if any(dx<0), [x,ind] = sort(x); dx = diff(x); else ind=1:n; end
if ~all(dx), error(message('MATLAB:chckxy:RepeatedSites')), end
% if Y is ND, reshape it to a matrix by combining all dimensions but the last:
sizey = size(y);
while length(sizey)>2&&sizey(end)==1, sizey(end) = []; end
yn = sizey(end);
sizey(end)=[];
yd = prod(sizey);
if length(sizey)>1
y = reshape(y,yd,yn);
else
% if Y happens to be a column matrix, change it to the expected row matrix.
if yn==1
yn = yd;
y = reshape(y,1,yn);
yd = 1;
sizey = yd;
end
end
% determine whether not-a-knot or clamped end conditions are to be used:
nstart = n+length(nanx);
if yn==nstart
endslopes = [];
elseif nargout==4&&yn==nstart+2
endslopes = y(:,[1 n+2]); y(:,[1 n+2])=[];
if any(isnan(endslopes))
error(message('MATLAB:chckxy:EndslopeNaN'))
end
if any(isinf(endslopes))
error(message('MATLAB:chckxy:EndslopeInf'))
end
else
error(message('MATLAB:chckxy:NumSitesMismatchValues',nstart, yn))
end
% deal with NaN's among the values:
if ~isempty(nanx)
y(:,nanx) = [];
end
y=y(:,ind);
nany = find(sum(isnan(y),1));
if ~isempty(nany)
y(:,nany) = []; x(nany) = [];
warning(message('MATLAB:chckxy:IgnoreNaN'))
n = length(x);
if n<2
error(message('MATLAB:chckxy:NotEnoughPts'))
end
end
ps:说明下，由于这两个文件都是matlab的工具文件，所以chckxy.m在调用时，改了名字叫做mychckxy.m，相应的文件名字也需要改。
做一个简单的测试，做一个调用：
clc;
clear all;
close all;
x = 0:10;
y = sin(x);
xx = 0:.25:10;
yy = spline(x,y,xx)
plot(x,y,'o',xx,yy);
运行结果：
到此为止，都是准备工作做，下面开始介绍如何在vs中调用spline函数。
1)在matlab中输入命令 mbuild -setup , 运行结果如下图所示, 按照提示选择编译器 vs2010.
mbuild -setup
然后键入：mex -setup 命令，运行结果如下图所示,按照提示选择编译器 vs2010
mex -setup
然后在matlab命令窗口输入：
mcc -W cpplib:libspline -T link:lib spline.m
spline是名字，会根据.m文件的不同而不同！！！
或者输入：mcc -B csharedlib:name name.m
可以得到如下图这些文件：
依然，其中的"libspline.dll"、"libspline.h"和"libspline.lib"这三个文件是我们所需的。
2)打开vs2010建一个控制台应用程序，可以选择一个空的控制台应用程序。
创建程序之后把第一步中得到的三个文件copy到工程中。
由于我的电脑是win 7 64bit(win8 64bit)，matlab是64bit，所以应该选择x64,而不是win32平台。
a)修改平台参数，为x64
生成 ---> 配置管理器
b)配置包含目录与库目录
项目 ----> 属性 ----> vc++目录
包含目录：
D:\Program Files\MATLAB\R2012a\extern\include
库目录：
D:\Program Files\MATLAB\R2012a\extern\lib\win64\microsoft
C1)配置附加依赖项
右键MatlabTest解决方案->属性->链接器->输入
在“附加依赖项中”中添加相应的静态链接库文件。对于需要添加的静态库文件的数量和名称，根据需要添加。
libmx.lib
libeng.lib
libmex.lib
libmat.lib
…………
根据需要后续补上。
c2)配置附加依赖项 ， 这里根据项目的不同，依赖的文件不同，这里测试依赖的是"mclmcrrt.lib"和"libspline.lib"这两个lib，第一是库lib，第二个是我们生成的lib.文件。所依赖的lib文件在库目录已经说明了，
路径为：D:\Program Files\MATLAB\R2012a\extern\lib\win64\microsoft下。
这里有两种解决方案，第一种在vs中配置。
第一种在vs中配置。建议采用第二种方法！！！！因为第一种不同链接库配置的lib会不一样
项目 ----> 属性 ----> 连接器 ----> 输入
第二种方法是，在文件中直接引入lib文件。
做完以上工作后，我们新建一个主函数作为入口函数，具体测试代码如下:
#include "libspline.h" //增加头文件
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
#pragma comment(lib,"mclmcrrt.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"libspline.lib")
int main()
{
//初始化lib(必须)
if (!libsplineInitialize())
return -1;
int i, j;
double x[1][11], y[1][11];
for(i=0; i<11; i++)
{
x[0][i] = i;
y[0][i] = sin(x[0][i]);
}
double xx[1][41];
for(i=0; i<41; i++)
xx[0][i] = i*0.25;
double yy[1][41];
mwArray mwX(1,11,mxDOUBLE_CLASS);
mwArray mwY(1,11,mxDOUBLE_CLASS);
mwArray mwXX(1,41,mxDOUBLE_CLASS);
mwArray mwYY(1,41,mxDOUBLE_CLASS);
mwX.SetData(*x, 11);
mwY.SetData(*y, 11);
mwXX.SetData(*xx, 41);
mwYY.SetData(*yy, 41);
spline(1, mwYY, mwX, mwY, mwXX); //调用spline
cout<
i = 0;
for(j = 0; j < 41; j++)
{
//Get第一个参数表示用1个下标访问元素，j+1是列号(MATLAB下标从1开始，而C++从0开始，故做+1操作)
yy[0][j] = mwYY.Get(1,j+1);
cout<
i++;
if(i%7 == 0) cout<
}
cout<
//终止调用
libsplineTerminate();
return 0;
}
运行结果如图：
比较这个结果与最开始我们测试matlab运行的结果，测试通过。matlab配置完成。
ps说明：配置过程中遇到的问题：
配置时经常遇到 LINK2019的错误。这种错误就是典型的lib缺失导入的问题。
main.obj : error LNK2019: 无法解析的外部符号 mclGetMatrix_proxy，该符号在函数 "public: __cdecl mwArray::mwArray(unsigned __int64,unsigned __int64,enum mxClassID,enum mxComplexity)" (??0mwArray@@QEAA@_K0W4mxClassID@@W4mxComplexity@@@Z) 中被引用
1>main.obj : error LNK2019: 无法解析的外部符号 mclcppGetLastError_proxy，该符号在函数 "public: static void __cdecl mwException::raise_error(void)" (?raise_error@mwException@@SAXXZ) 中被引用
1>main.obj : error LNK2019: 无法解析的外部符号 mclcppCreateError_proxy，该符号在函数 "public: __cdecl mwException::mwException(void)" (??0mwException@@QEAA@XZ) 中被引用
1>main.obj : error LNK2019: 无法解析的外部符号 ref_count_obj_addref_proxy，该符号在函数 "public: __cdecl mwException::mwException(class mwException const &)" (??0mwException@@QEAA@AEBV0@@Z) 中被引用
1>main.obj : error LNK2019: 无法解析的外部符号 ref_count_obj_release_proxy，该符号在函数 "public: virtual __cdecl mwException::~mwException(void)" (??1mwException@@UEAA@XZ) 中被引用
1>main.obj : error LNK2019: 无法解析的外部符号 error_info_get_message_proxy，该符号在函数 "public: virtual char const * __cdecl mwException::what(void)const " (?what@mwException@@UEBAPEBDXZ) 中被引用
1>main.obj : error LNK2019: 无法解析的外部符号 array_ref_getV_int_proxy，该符号在函数 "public: class mwArray __cdecl mwArray::GetPromoted(unsigned __int64,...)" (?GetPromoted@mwArray@@QEAA?AV1@_KZZ) 中被引用
1>main.obj : error LNK2019: 无法解析的外部符号 array_ref_set_numeric_mxDouble_proxy，该符号在函数 "public: void __cdecl mwArray::SetData(double *,unsigned __int64)" (?SetData@mwArray@@QEAAXPEAN_K@Z) 中被引用
1>main.obj : error LNK2019: 无法解析的外部符号 array_ref_get_numeric_mxDouble_proxy，该符号在函数 "public: __cdecl mwArray::operator double(void)const " (??BmwArray@@QEBANXZ) 中被引用
这里是因为缺少：mclmcrrt.lib
#pragma comment(lib,"mclmcrrt.lib")
即可解决。
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