mysql中depart_MySQL語法大全_自己整理的學習筆記

MySQL語法大全_自己整理的學習筆記

select * from emp; #注釋

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—-命令行連接MySql———

啟動mysql服務器

net start mysql

關閉

net stop mysql

進入

mysql -h 主機地址 -u 用戶名 －p 用戶密碼

退出

exit

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—-MySql用戶管理———

修改密碼:首先在DOS 下進入mysql安裝路徑的bin目錄下，然后鍵入以下命令:

mysqladmin -uroot -p123 password 456;

增加用戶

格式:grant 權限 on 數據庫.* to 用戶名@登錄主機 identified by ‘密碼’

/*

如，增加一個用戶user1密碼為password1，讓其可以在本機上登錄， 並對所有數據庫有查詢、插入、修改、刪除的權限。首先用以root用戶連入mysql，然后鍵入以下命令：

grant select,insert,update,delete on . to user1@localhost Identified by “password1”;

如果希望該用戶能夠在任何機器上登陸mysql，則將localhost改為”%”。

如果你不想user1有密碼，可以再打一個命令將密碼去掉。

grant select,insert,update,delete on mydb.* to user1@localhost identified by “”;

*/

grant all privileges on wpj1105.* to sunxiao@localhost identified by ‘123’; #all privileges 所有權限

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—–MySql數據庫操作基礎—–

顯示數據庫

show databases;

判斷是否存在數據庫wpj1105,有的話先刪除

drop database if exists wpj1105;

創建數據庫

create database wpj1105;

刪除數據庫

drop database wpj1105;

使用該數據庫

use wpj1105;

顯示數據庫中的表

show tables;

先判斷表是否存在,存在先刪除

drop table if exists student;

創建表

create table student(

id int auto_increment primary key,

name varchar(50),

sex varchar(20),

date varchar(50),

content varchar(100)

)default charset=utf8;

刪除表

drop table student;

查看表的結構

describe student; #可以簡寫為desc student;

插入數據

insert into student values(null,’aa’,’男’,’1988-10-2’,’……’);

insert into student values(null,’bb’,’女’,’1889-03-6’,’……’);

insert into student values(null,’cc’,’男’,’1889-08-8’,’……’);

insert into student values(null,’dd’,’女’,’1889-12-8’,’……’);

insert into student values(null,’ee’,’女’,’1889-09-6’,’……’);

insert into student values(null,’ff’,’null’,’1889-09-6’,’……’);

查詢表中的數據

select * from student;

select id,name from student;

修改某一條數據

update student set sex=’男’ where id=4;

刪除數據

delete from student where id=5;

and 且

select * from student where date>’1988-1-2’ and date

or 或

select * from student where date’1988-12-1’;

between

select * from student where date between ‘1988-1-2’ and ‘1988-12-1’;

in 查詢制定集合內的數據

select * from student where id in (1,3,5);

排序 asc 升序 desc 降序

select * from student order by id asc;

分組查詢 #聚合函數

select max(id),name,sex from student group by sex;

select min(date) from student;

select avg(id) as ‘求平均’ from student;

select count(*) from student; #統計表中總數

select count(sex) from student; #統計表中性別總數 若有一條數據中sex為空的話,就不予以統計~

select sum(id) from student;

查詢第i條以后到第j條的數據(不包括第i條)

select * from student limit 2,5; #顯示3-5條數據

鞏固練習

create table c(

id int primary key auto_increment,

name varchar(10) not null,

sex varchar(50) , #DEFAULT ‘男’ ,

age int unsigned, #不能為負值(如為負值 則默認為0)

sno int unique #不可重復

);

drop table c;

desc c;

insert into c (id,name,sex,age,sno) values (null,’濤哥’,’男’,68,1);

insert into c (id,name,sex,age,sno) values (null,’aa’,’男’,68,2);

insert into c (id,name,sex,age,sno) values (null,’平平’,’男’,35,3);

…

select * from c;

修改數據

update c set age=66 where id=2;

update c set name=’花花’,age=21,sex=’女’ where id=2

delete from c where age=21;

常用查詢語句

select name,age ,id from c

select * from c where age>40 and age<60; #and

select * from c where age<40 or age<60; #or

select * from c where age between 40 and 60 #between

select * from c where age in (30,48,68,99); #in 查詢指定集合內的數據

select * from c order by age desc; #order by (asc升序 des降序)

分組查詢

select name,max(age) from c group by sex; #按性別分組查年齡最大值

聚合函數

select min(age) from c;

select avg(age) as ‘平均年齡 ’ from c;

select count(*) from c; #統計表中數據總數

select sum(age) from c;

修改表的名字

格式:alter table tbl_name rename to new_name

alter table c rename to a;

表結構修改

create table test

(

id int not null auto_increment primary key, #設定主鍵

name varchar(20) not null default ‘NoName’, #設定默認值

department_id int not null,

position_id int not null,

unique (department_id,position_id) #設定唯一值

);

修改表的名字

格式:alter table tbl_name rename to new_name

alter table test rename to test_rename;

向表中增加一個字段(列)

格式:alter table tablename add columnname type;/alter table tablename add(columnname type);

alter table test add columnname varchar(20);

修改表中某個字段的名字

alter table tablename change columnname newcolumnname type; #修改一個表的字段名

alter table test change name uname varchar(50);

select * from test;

表position 增加列test

alter table position add(test char(10));

表position 修改列test

alter table position modify test char(20) not null;

表position 修改列test 默認值

alter table position alter test set default ‘system’;

表position 去掉test 默認值

alter table position alter test drop default;

表position 去掉列test

alter table position drop column test;

表depart_pos 刪除主鍵

alter table depart_pos drop primary key;

表depart_pos 增加主鍵

alter table depart_pos add primary key PK_depart_pos

(department_id,position_id);

用文本方式將數據裝入數據庫表中(例如D:/mysql.txt)

load data local infile “D:/mysql.txt” into table MYTABLE;

導入.sql文件命令(例如D:/mysql.sql)

source d:/mysql.sql; #或者 /. d:/mysql.sql;