mysql中depart_MySQL数据库基础练习一

MySQL查询练习一

数据准备:

学生表student

学号:姓名:性别:出生日期:所在班级;create table student (

sno varchar(20) primary key,

sname varchar(20) not null,

ssex varchar(10) not null,

sbirthday datetime,

class varchar(10)

);

教师表teacher

教师编号,教师名字,教师性别,出生日期,职称,所在部门。create table teacher(

tno varchar(20) primary key,

tname varchar(20) not null,

tsex varchar(10) not null,

tbirthday datetime,

prof varchar(20),

depart varchar(20) not null

);

课程表course

课程号,课程名称,教师编号create table course(

cno varchar(20) primary key,

cname varchar(20) not null,

tno varchar(20) not null,

foreign key(tno) references teacher(tno)

);

成绩表score

学号,课程号,成绩create table score(

sno varchar(20) not null, cno varchar(20) not null,

degree decimal,

foreign key(sno) references student(sno),

foreign key(cno) references course(cno),

primary key(sno,cno)

);

添加数据:insert into student values('101', '曾华','男','1977-09-01','95033');

insert into student values('102','匡明','男','1975-10-02', '95031');

insert into student values('103','王丽','女','1976-01-23', '95033');

insert into student values('104', '李军','男','1976-02-20','95033');

insert into student values('105','王芳','女','1975-02-10', '95031');

insert into student values('106','陆君','男','1974-06-03','95031');

insert into student values('107','王尼玛','男','1974-06-03','95031');

insert into student values('108','张全蛋','男','1974-06-03','95031');

insert into student values('109','赵铁柱','男','1974-06-03','95031');

insert into teacher values('804','李诚','男','1958-12-02', '副教授','计算机系');

insert into teacher values('856','张旭','男','1969-03-12','讲师','电子工程系');

insert into teacher values('825','王萍','女','1972-05-05','助教','计算机系');

insert into teacher values('831','刘冰','女','1977-08-14','助教','电子工程系');

insert into course values('3-105','计算机导论', '825');

insert into course values('3-245','操作系统','804');

insert into course values('6-166','数字电路','856');

insert into course values('9-888','高等数学','831');

insert into score values('103','3-105','92');

insert into score values('103','3-245','86');

insert into score values('103','6-166','85');

insert into score values('105','3-105','88');

insert into score values('105','3-245','75');

insert into score values('105','6-166','79');

insert into score values('109','3-105','76');

insert into score values('109','3-245','68');

insert into score values('109','6-166','81');

1、查询student表中的所有记录;mysql> select * from student;

+-----+-----------+------+---------------------+-------+

| sno | sname | ssex | sbirthday | class |

+-----+-----------+------+---------------------+-------+

| 101 | 曾华 | 男 | 1977-09-01 00:00:00 | 95033 |

| 102 | 匡明 | 男 | 1975-10-02 00:00:00 | 95031 |

| 103 | 王丽 | 女 | 1976-01-23 00:00:00 | 95033 |

| 104 | 李军 | 男 | 1976-02-20 00:00:00 | 95033 |

| 105 | 王芳 | 女 | 1975-02-10 00:00:00 | 95031 |

| 106 | 陆君 | 男 | 1974-06-03 00:00:00 | 95031 |

| 107 | 王尼玛 | 男 | 1974-06-03 00:00:00 | 95031 |

| 108 | 张全蛋 | 男 | 1974-06-03 00:00:00 | 95031 |

| 109 | 赵铁柱 | 男 | 1974-06-03 00:00:00 | 95031 |

+-----+-----------+------+---------------------+-------+

9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

2、查询student表中的所有记录的sname,ssex,class列;mysql> select sname, ssex, class from student;

+-----------+------+-------+

| sname | ssex | class |

+-----------+------+-------+

| 曾华 | 男 | 95033 |

| 匡明 | 男 | 95031 |

| 王丽 | 女 | 95033 |

| 李军 | 男 | 95033 |

| 王芳 | 女 | 95031 |

| 陆君 | 男 | 95031 |

| 王尼玛 | 男 | 95031 |

| 张全蛋 | 男 | 95031 |

| 赵铁柱 | 男 | 95031 |

+-----------+------+-------+

9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3、查询教师所有的单位即不重复的depart列;

关键字distinct排除重复。mysql> select distinct depart from teacher;

+-----------------+

| depart |

+-----------------+

| 计算机系 |

| 电子工程系 |

+-----------------+

2 rows in set (0.01 sec)

4、查询score表中成绩在60到80之间的所有记录;

查询区间:

方式一:between...and...mysql> select * from score where degree between 60 and 80;

+-----+-------+--------+

| sno | cno | degree |

+-----+-------+--------+

| 105 | 3-245 | 75 |

| 105 | 6-166 | 79 |

| 109 | 3-105 | 76 |

| 109 | 3-245 | 68 |

+-----+-------+--------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

方式二:直接使用运算符比较;mysql> select * from score where degree > 60 and degree < 80;

+-----+-------+--------+

| sno | cno | degree |

+-----+-------+--------+

| 105 | 3-245 | 75 |

| 105 | 6-166 | 79 |

| 109 | 3-105 | 76 |

| 109 | 3-245 | 68 |

+-----+-------+--------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

5、查询score表中成绩为85,86或88的记录;

表示或着关系的查询;in关键字。mysql> select * from score where degree in(85,86,88);

+-----+-------+--------+

| sno | cno | degree |

+-----+-------+--------+

| 103 | 3-245 | 86 |

| 103 | 6-166 | 85 |

| 105 | 3-105 | 88 |

+-----+-------+--------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

6、查询student表中“95031”班或者性别为女的记录;

关键字or,可以是不同的字段mysql> select * from student where class='95031' or ssex='女';

+-----+-----------+------+---------------------+-------+

| sno | sname | ssex | sbirthday | class |

+-----+-----------+------+---------------------+-------+

| 102 | 匡明 | 男 | 1975-10-02 00:00:00 | 95031 |

| 103 | 王丽 | 女 | 1976-01-23 00:00:00 | 95033 |

| 105 | 王芳 | 女 | 1975-02-10 00:00:00 | 95031 |

| 106 | 陆君 | 男 | 1974-06-03 00:00:00 | 95031 |

| 107 | 王尼玛 | 男 | 1974-06-03 00:00:00 | 95031 |

| 108 | 张全蛋 | 男 | 1974-06-03 00:00:00 | 95031 |

| 109 | 赵铁柱 | 男 | 1974-06-03 00:00:00 | 95031 |

+-----+-----------+------+---------------------+-------+

7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

7、以class降序查询student表的所有记录;

排序的关键字:order by...

降序:desc

升序:asc默认可以不写mysql> select * from student order by class desc;

+-----+-----------+------+---------------------+-------+

| sno | sname | ssex | sbirthday | class |

+-----+-----------+------+---------------------+-------+

| 101 | 曾华 | 男 | 1977-09-01 00:00:00 | 95033 |

| 103 | 王丽 | 女 | 1976-01-23 00:00:00 | 95033 |

| 104 | 李军 | 男 | 1976-02-20 00:00:00 | 95033 |

| 102 | 匡明 | 男 | 1975-10-02 00:00:00 | 95031 |

| 105 | 王芳 | 女 | 1975-02-10 00:00:00 | 95031 |

| 106 | 陆君 | 男 | 1974-06-03 00:00:00 | 95031 |

| 107 | 王尼玛 | 男 | 1974-06-03 00:00:00 | 95031 |

| 108 | 张全蛋 | 男 | 1974-06-03 00:00:00 | 95031 |

| 109 | 赵铁柱 | 男 | 1974-06-03 00:00:00 | 95031 |

+-----+-----------+------+---------------------+-------+

9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

8、以cno升序、degree降序查询score表中的所有记录;

以逗号隔开。mysql> select * from score order by cno asc,degree desc;

+-----+-------+--------+

| sno | cno | degree |

+-----+-------+--------+

| 103 | 3-105 | 92 |

| 105 | 3-105 | 88 |

| 109 | 3-105 | 76 |

| 103 | 3-245 | 86 |

| 105 | 3-245 | 75 |

| 109 | 3-245 | 68 |

| 103 | 6-166 | 85 |

| 109 | 6-166 | 81 |

| 105 | 6-166 | 79 |

+-----+-------+--------+

9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

9、查询’95031‘班的所有人数;

统计:countmysql> select * from student;

+-----+-----------+------+---------------------+-------+

| sno | sname | ssex | sbirthday | class |

+-----+-----------+------+---------------------+-------+

| 101 | 曾华 | 男 | 1977-09-01 00:00:00 | 95033 |

| 102 | 匡明 | 男 | 1975-10-02 00:00:00 | 95031 |

| 103 | 王丽 | 女 | 1976-01-23 00:00:00 | 95033 |

| 104 | 李军 | 男 | 1976-02-20 00:00:00 | 95033 |

| 105 | 王芳 | 女 | 1975-02-10 00:00:00 | 95031 |

| 106 | 陆君 | 男 | 1974-06-03 00:00:00 | 95031 |

| 107 | 王尼玛 | 男 | 1974-06-03 00:00:00 | 95031 |

| 108 | 张全蛋 | 男 | 1974-06-03 00:00:00 | 95031 |

| 109 | 赵铁柱 | 男 | 1974-06-03 00:00:00 | 95031 |

+-----+-----------+------+---------------------+-------+

9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

10、查询score表中的最高分的学生学号和课程号;

子查询或者排序;

复合语句。mysql> select sno,cno from score where degree=(select max(degree) from score);

+-----+-------+

| sno | cno |

+-----+-------+

| 103 | 3-105 |

+-----+-------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

步骤:

①、找到最高分select max(degree) from score;

②、找最高分的sno和cnomysql> select sno,cno from score where degree=(select max(degree) from score);

③、排序的做法:

存在一定缺陷,比如成绩最高有多个分相同。mysql> select sno,cno,degree from score order by degree desc;

+-----+-------+--------+

| sno | cno | degree |

+-----+-------+--------+

| 103 | 3-105 | 92 |

| 105 | 3-105 | 88 |

| 103 | 3-245 | 86 |

| 103 | 6-166 | 85 |

| 109 | 6-166 | 81 |

| 105 | 6-166 | 79 |

| 109 | 3-105 | 76 |

| 105 | 3-245 | 75 |

| 109 | 3-245 | 68 |

+-----+-------+--------+

9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

limit第一个数字表示从第几条开始,第二个数字表示查多少条。mysql> select sno,cno,degree from score order by degree desc limit 0,1;

+-----+-------+--------+

| sno | cno | degree |

+-----+-------+--------+

| 103 | 3-105 | 92 |

+-----+-------+--------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

11、查询每门课的平均成绩;

avg()

查询一门的平均成绩;mysql> select avg(degree) from score where cno='3-105';

+-------------+

| avg(degree) |

+-------------+

| 85.3333 |

+-------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

一个语句中查询多门课程的平均成绩;

...group by...分组mysql> select cno,avg(degree) from score group by cno;

+-------+-------------+

| cno | avg(degree) |

+-------+-------------+

| 3-105 | 85.3333 |

| 3-245 | 76.3333 |

| 6-166 | 81.6667 |

+-------+-------------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

12、查询score表中至少有两名学生选修的并以3开头的课程的平均成绩

分组条件与模糊查询mysql> select cno,avg(degree),count(*) from score group by cno having count(cno)>=2 and cno like '3%';

+-------+-------------+----------+

| cno | avg(degree) | count(*) |

+-------+-------------+----------+

| 3-105 | 85.3333 | 3 |

| 3-245 | 76.3333 | 3 |

+-------+-------------+----------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

分组条件:group by...having...

模糊查询:like

13、查询分数大于70小于80的sno列

范围查询的两种方式

方式一:mysql> select sno,degree from score where degree>70 and degree<90;

+-----+--------+

| sno | degree |

+-----+--------+

| 103 | 86 |

| 103 | 85 |

| 105 | 88 |

| 105 | 75 |

| 105 | 79 |

| 109 | 76 |

| 109 | 81 |

+-----+--------+

7 rows in set (0.00 s

方式二:between...and...mysql> select sno,degree from score where degree between 70 and 90;

+-----+--------+

| sno | degree |

+-----+--------+

| 103 | 86 |

| 103 | 85 |

| 105 | 88 |

| 105 | 75 |

| 105 | 79 |

| 109 | 76 |

| 109 | 81 |

+-----+--------+

7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

14、查询所有学生的cno,sname和degree

多表查询mysql> select sname,cno,degree from student,score where student.sno=score.sno;

+-----------+-------+--------+

| sname | cno | degree |

+-----------+-------+--------+

| 王丽 | 3-105 | 92 |

| 王丽 | 3-245 | 86 |

| 王丽 | 6-166 | 85 |

| 王芳 | 3-105 | 88 |

| 王芳 | 3-245 | 75 |

| 王芳 | 6-166 | 79 |

| 赵铁柱 | 3-105 | 76 |

| 赵铁柱 | 3-245 | 68 |

| 赵铁柱 | 6-166 | 81 |

+-----------+-------+--------+

9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

15、查询所有学生的sno,cname和degree列mysql> select sno,cname,degree from course,score where course.cno=score.cno;

+-----+-----------------+--------+

| sno | cname | degree |

+-----+-----------------+--------+

| 103 | 计算机导论 | 92 |

| 103 | 操作系统 | 86 |

| 103 | 数字电路 | 85 |

| 105 | 计算机导论 | 88 |

| 105 | 操作系统 | 75 |

| 105 | 数字电路 | 79 |

| 109 | 计算机导论 | 76 |

| 109 | 操作系统 | 68 |

| 109 | 数字电路 | 81 |

+-----+-----------------+--------+

9 rows in set (0.05 sec)

16、所有学生的sname,cname,degree列

三表关联查询,通过共同字段的相等关系来联系在一起。mysql> select sname,cname,degree from student,course,score

where student.sno=score.sno and course.cno = score.cno;

+-----------+-----------------+--------+

| sname | cname | degree |

+-----------+-----------------+--------+

| 王丽 | 计算机导论 | 92 |

| 王丽 | 操作系统 | 86 |

| 王丽 | 数字电路 | 85 |

| 王芳 | 计算机导论 | 88 |

| 王芳 | 操作系统 | 75 |

| 王芳 | 数字电路 | 79 |

| 赵铁柱 | 计算机导论 | 76 |

| 赵铁柱 | 操作系统 | 68 |

| 赵铁柱 | 数字电路 | 81 |

+-----------+-----------------+--------+

9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

17、查询95031班学生每门课的平均分

子查询加分组求平均分mysql> select cno,avg(degree)

-> from score

-> where sno in(select sno from student where class = '95031')

-> group by cno;

+-------+-------------+

| cno | avg(degree) |

+-------+-------------+

| 3-105 | 82.0000 |

| 3-245 | 71.5000 |

| 6-166 | 80.0000 |

+-------+-------------+

3 rows in set (0.08 sec)

18、查询选修3-105课程的成绩高于109号同学3-105成绩的所有同学的记录

子查询步骤:

① select degree from score where sno='109'and cno ='3-105';

② select * from score where cno = '3-105' and degree > (select degree from score where sno='109'and cno ='3-105');

mysql> select * from score where cno = '3-105'and degree >(select degree from score where sno='109'and cno ='3-105');

+-----+-------+--------+

| sno | cno | degree |

+-----+-------+--------+

| 103 | 3-105 | 92 |

| 105 | 3-105 | 88 |

+-----+-------+--------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

19查询成绩高于学号109、课程号为3-105的成绩的所有记录mysql> SELECT * from score

where degree > (SELECT degree FROM score where sno = '109' and cno = '3-105' );

+-----+-------+--------+

| sno | cno | degree |

+-----+-------+--------+

| 103 | 3-105 | 92 |

| 103 | 3-245 | 86 |

| 103 | 6-166 | 85 |

| 105 | 3-105 | 88 |

| 105 | 6-166 | 79 |

| 109 | 6-166 | 81 |

+-----+-------+--------+

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

20、查询和学号为108、101的同学同年出生的所有学生的sno、sname、和sbirthday列

year()+in关键字的子查询mysql> SELECT sno,sname, sbirthday from student

-> where YEAR(sbirthday) in (SELECT year(sbirthday) from student where sno in( 101,108));

+-----+-----------+---------------------+

| sno | sname | sbirthday |

+-----+-----------+---------------------+

| 101 | 曾华 | 1977-09-01 00:00:00 |

| 106 | 陆君 | 1974-06-03 00:00:00 |

| 107 | 王尼玛 | 1974-06-03 00:00:00 |

| 108 | 张全蛋 | 1974-06-03 00:00:00 |

| 109 | 赵铁柱 | 1974-06-03 00:00:00 |

+-----+-----------+---------------------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

21、查询张旭教师任课的学生成绩

多层嵌套子查询步骤:

① SELECT tno FROM teacher WHERE tname='张旭';

② SELECT cno from course where tno =(SELECT tno FROM teacher WHERE tname='张旭');

③ SELECT * FROM score

WHERE cno =(SELECT cno from course where tno =(SELECT tno FROM teacher WHERE tname='张旭'));

mysql> SELECT * FROM score WHERE cno =(SELECT cno from course where tno =(SELECT tno FROM teacher WHERE tname='张旭'));

+-----+-------+--------+

| sno | cno | degree |

+-----+-------+--------+

| 103 | 6-166 | 85 |

| 105 | 6-166 | 79 |

| 109 | 6-166 | 81 |

+-----+-------+--------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

22、查询选修某课程的同学人数多于5人的教师姓名

多表查询+子查询步骤:

① SELECT cno from score GROUP BY cno HAVING count(*)>5;

② select tno from course where cno=(SELECT cno from score GROUP BY cno HAVING count(*)>5);

③ SELECT tname from teacher

WHERE tno = (select tno from course where cno=(SELECT cno from score GROUP BY cno HAVING count(*)>5));

mysql> SELECT tname from teacher WHERE tno = (select tno from course where cno=(SELECT cno from score GROUP BY cno HAVING count(*)>5));

+--------+

| tname |

+--------+

| 王萍 |

+--------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

23、查询95033班95031班全体学生的记录

in表示或者关系SELECT * from student WHERE class IN(95033,95031);

24、查询存在成绩有85分以上成绩的课程cnoselect cno from score where degree>85;

mysql> SELECT cno,degree FROM score WHERE degree>85;

+-------+--------+

| cno | degree |

+-------+--------+

| 3-105 | 90 |

| 3-105 | 91 |

| 3-105 | 92 |

| 3-245 | 86 |

| 3-105 | 88 |

| 3-105 | 88 |

+-------+--------+

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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