python 查找字符第一次出现位置_Python查找字符串列表在字符串中第一次出现的索引位置...

按照示例的逻辑，这是找到“第一个”匹配箭头并打印其位置的最方便方法。但是，集合的顺序不是先进先出，所以如果你想保持顺序，我建议用列表代替集合来代替箭头列表，这样可以保持顺序。在arrowlist = {"->x","->", "->>", "-\\", "\\-","//--","->o","o\\--","<->","<->o"}

def cxn(line, arrowlist):

try:

result = tuple((x, line.find(x)) for x in arrowlist if x in line)[0]

print("found an arrow {} at position {} with length {}".format(result[0], result[1], len(result[0])))

# Remember in general it's not a great idea to use an exception as

# broad as Exception, this is just for example purposes.

except Exception:

return 0

如果要在提供的字符串（行）中查找第一个匹配项，可以这样做：

^{pr2}$

或者，如果您可以访问标准库，则可以使用运算符.itemgetter为了达到几乎相同的效果并从较少的函数调用中获得效率：from operator import itemgetter

arrowlist = {"->x","->", "->>", "-\\", "\\-","//--","->o","o\\--","<->","<->o"}

def cxn(line, arrowlist):

try:

# key first sorts on the position in string then alphanumerically

# on the arrow match (i.e. -> and ->x matched in same position

# will return -> because when sorted alphanumerically it is first)

result = sorted([(x, line.find(x)) for x in arrowlist if x in line], key=(itemgetter(1,0)))[0]

print("found an arrow {} at position {} with length {}".format(result[0], result[1], len(result[0])))

except Exception:

return 0

***注意：我使用的箭头列表与您的示例稍有不同，只是因为您提供的箭头列表似乎弄乱了默认代码格式（可能是因为引号结束问题）。记住，您可以像这样在字符串前面加上“r”：r"Text that can use special symbols like the escape \and\ be read in as a 'raw' string literal\"。See this question获取有关原始字符串文本的详细信息。在