python绘制一个单位球面_python-将函数有效地应用于numpy数组中的球面...

编辑：如果与正在更新的区域相比,您的数组很大,则下面的解决方案将占用比必要更多的内存.您可以将相同的想法应用到球体可能掉落的区域：

def updateSphereBetter(mat, center, radius):

# Find beginning and end of region of interest

center = np.asarray(center)

start = np.minimum(np.maximum(center - radius, 0), mat.shape)

end = np.minimum(np.maximum(center + radius + 1, 0), mat.shape)

# Slice region of interest

mat_sub = mat[tuple(slice(s, e) for s, e in zip(start, end))]

# Center coordinates relative to the region of interest

center_rel = center - start

# Same as before but with mat_sub and center_rel

ind = np.indices(mat_sub.shape)

ind = np.moveaxis(ind, 0, -1)

dist_squared = np.sum(np.square(ind - center_rel), axis=-1)

mask = dist_squared <= radius * radius

mat_sub[mask] = computeUpdatedValue(dist_squared[mask], radius)

请注意,由于mat_sub是mat的视图,对其进行更新将更新原始数组,因此这将产生与以前相同的结果,但是资源较少.

这是概念的一点证明.我定义了computeUpdatedValue,以便显示距中心的距离,然后绘制了示例的一些“部分”：

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

def updateSphere(mat, center, radius):

# Make array of all index coordinates

ind = np.indices(mat.shape)

# Compute the squared distances to each point

ind = np.moveaxis(ind, 0, -1)

dist_squared = np.sum(np.square(ind - center), axis=-1)

# Make a mask for squared distances within squared radius

mask = dist_squared <= radius * radius

# Update masked values

mat[mask] = computeUpdatedValue(dist_squared[mask], radius)

def computeUpdatedValue(dist_squared, radius):

# 1 at the center of the sphere and 0 at the surface

return np.clip(1 - np.sqrt(dist_squared) / radius, 0, 1)

mat = np.zeros((100, 60, 80))

updateSphere(mat, [50, 20, 40], 20)

plt.subplot(131)

plt.imshow(mat[:, :, 30], vmin=0, vmax=1)

plt.subplot(132)

plt.imshow(mat[:, :, 40], vmin=0, vmax=1)

plt.subplot(133)

plt.imshow(mat[:, :, 55], vmin=0, vmax=1)

输出：