换源准备:
换源之前明确使用平台,X86架构、ARM架构的源,ubuntu18.04和unbuntu16.04等源均不同,切忌病急乱投医,看到一个源复制过来添加后没用。
分析一条源:
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
从左到又依次为:
镜像网址:http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
计算机架构对应关系:
计算机架构
代号
X86
ubuntu
ARM
ubuntu-ports
系统版本号对应关系:
版本
版本号
代号
Lucid(10.04)
10.04
lucid
Precise(12.04)
12.04
precise
Trusty(14.04)
14.04
trusty
Utopic(14.10)
14.10
utopic
Ubuntu 16.04 TLS
16.04
xenial
Ubuntu 18.04 TLS
18.04
bionic
综上TX2(18.04系统版本)的一条更新格式为
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
换源步骤
1.获得root权限
sudo su
2.打开源配置文件
gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
3.删除原来的文件并且换成自己想换的源
#清华的源(ARM)
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial main universe restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial main universe restricted
#阿里源(x86)
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
4.更新软件列表
apt update
5.更新软件包
apt upgrade
附组件:
main: 免费,Ubuntu 官方维护的自由软件;
restricted: 不免费,但是正规支持的,一般是设备专有驱动;
universe:免费,社区维护的自由软件;
multiverse:不免费,无正规支持,非自由软件;
security:重要的安全更新;
updates:非安全性更新,即不影响到系统安全的 bug 修补;
proposed:预更新,小 beta 版,过后会进入[updates]或[security];
backports:新软件的反向导出,新软件为老系统编译的版本;
版本