python traceback 丢失_python traceback 异常的获取与处理

traceback.print_exc()

traceback.format_exc()

traceback.print_exception()

简单说下这三个方法是做什么用的：

1、print_exc()：

是对异常栈输出

2、format_exc()：

是把异常栈以字符串的形式返回，print(traceback.format_exc()) 就相当于traceback.print_exc()

3、print_exception()：

traceback.print_exc()实现方式就是traceback.print_exception(sys.exc_info())，可以点 sys.exc_info()进去看看实现

测试代码如下：

def func(a, b):

return a / b

if __name__ == '__main__':

import sys

import time

import traceback

try:

func(1, 0)

except Exception as e:

print('***', type(e), e, '***')

time.sleep(2)

print("***traceback.print_exc():*** ")

time.sleep(1)

traceback.print_exc()

time.sleep(2)

print("***traceback.format_exc():*** ")

time.sleep(1)

print(traceback.format_exc())

time.sleep(2)

print("***traceback.print_exception():*** ")

time.sleep(1)

traceback.print_exception(*sys.exc_info())

运行结果：

*** division by zero ***

***traceback.print_exc():***

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "/home/l/PycharmProjects/test_modules/tasks.py", line 26, in

func(1, 0)

File "/home/l/PycharmProjects/test_modules/tasks.py", line 17, in func

return a / b

ZeroDivisionError: division by zero

***traceback.format_exc():***

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "/home/l/PycharmProjects/test_modules/tasks.py", line 26, in

func(1, 0)

File "/home/l/PycharmProjects/test_modules/tasks.py", line 17, in func

return a / b

ZeroDivisionError: division by zero

***traceback.print_exception():***

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "/home/l/PycharmProjects/test_modules/tasks.py", line 26, in

func(1, 0)

File "/home/l/PycharmProjects/test_modules/tasks.py", line 17, in func

return a / b

ZeroDivisionError: division by zero

可以看出，三种方式打印结果是一样的。在开发时，做调试是很方便的。也可以把这种异常栈写入日志。

logging.exception(ex)

# 指名输出栈踪迹, logging.exception的内部也是包了一层此做法

logging.error(ex, exc_info=1)

# 更加严重的错误级别

logging.critical(ex, exc_info=1)

# 我直接copy的，未尝试。有时间会试下的

python 还有一个模块叫cgitb，输出的error非常详情。

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

def func(a, b):

return a / b

try:

func(1, 0)

except Exception as e:

import cgitb

cgitb.enable(format='text')

func(1, 0)

控制台打印结果