matlab 凯撒窗beta,matlab各种窗口（2）

barthannwin -Modified

Bartlett-Hann window

Syntax

w=barthannwin(L)

Description

w = barthannwin(L)returns

an L-point

modified Bartlett-Hann window in the column

vector w.

Like Bartlett, Hann, and Hamming windows, this window has a

mainlobe at the origin and asymptotically decaying sidelobes on

both sides. It is a linear combination of weighted Bartlett and

Hann windows with near sidelobes lower than both Bartlett and Hann

and with far sidelobes lower than both Bartlett and Hamming

windows. The mainlobe width of the modified Bartlett-Hann window is

not increased relative to either Bartlett or Hann window

mainlobes.

Note The Hann window is

also called the Hanning window.

Examples

Create a 64-point Bartlett-Hann window and display the result using

WVTool:

L=64;

wvtool(barthannwin(L))

Algorithm

The equation for computing the coefficients of a Modified

Bartlett-Hanning window is

where  and

the window length is .

References

[1] Ha, Y.H., and J.A. Pearce. "A New Window and Comparison to

Standard Windows." IEEE® Transactions

on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal

Processing. Vol. 37, No. 2, (February

1999). pp. 298-301.

[2] Oppenheim, A.V., and R.W.

Schafer. Discrete-Time

Signal Processing. Upper Saddle River,

NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1999, p. 468.

bartlett -Bartlett

window

Syntax

w=bartlett(L)

Description

w = bartlett(L) returns

an L-point

Bartlett window in the column vector w,

where L must

be a positive integer. The coefficients of

a Bartlett

window are computed as follows:

The window length .

The Bartlett window is very similar to a triangular window as

returned by the triang function.

The Bartlett window always ends with zeros at samples 1

and n,

however, while the triangular window is nonzero at those points.

For L odd,

the center L-2 points

ofbartlett(L) are

equivalent to triang(L-2).

Note If you specify a

one-point window (set L=1),

the value 1 is

returned.

Examples

Create a 64-point Bartlett window and display the result using

WVTool:

L=64;

wvtool(bartlett(L))

References

[1] Oppenheim, A.V., and R.W.

Schafer. Discrete-Time

Signal Processing. Upper Saddle River,

NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1999, pp. 468-471.

blackman -Blackman

window

Syntax

w=blackman(L)

w=blackman(L,'sflag')

Description

w = blackman(L) returns

the L-point

symmetric Blackman window in the column

vector w,

where L is

a positive integer.

w = blackman(L,'sflag')returns

an L-point

Blackman window using the window sampling specified by'sflag',

which can be either 'periodic' or 'symmetric' (the

default). The 'periodic' flag

is useful for DFT/FFT purposes, such as in spectral analysis. The

DFT/FFT contains an implicit periodic extension and the periodic

flag enables a signal windowed with a periodic window to have

perfect periodic extension. When 'periodic' is

specified, blackman computes

a length L+1 window

and returns the first L points.

When using windows for filter design,

the 'symmetric' flag

should be used.

Note If you specify a

one-point window (set L=1),

the value 1 is

returned.

Examples

Create a 64-point Blackman window and display the result using

WVTool:

L=64;

wvtool(blackman(L))

Algorithm

The equation for computing the coefficients of a Blackman window

is

The window length .

Blackman windows have slightly wider central lobes and less

sideband leakage than equivalent length Hamming and Hann

windows.

blackmanharris -Minimum

4-term Blackman-Harris window

Syntax

w=blackmanharris(L)

Description

w = blackmanharris(L) returns

an L-point,

minimum , 4-term Blackman-Harris window in the column

vector w.

The window is minimum in the sense that its maximum sidelobes are

minimized.

Examples

Create a 32-point Blackman-Harris window and display the result

using WVTool:

L=32;

wvtool(blackmanharris(L))

Algorithm

The equation for computing the coefficients of a minimum 4-term

Blackman-harris window of length N is:

The following table lists the coefficients:

Coefficient

Value

a0

0.35875

a1

0.48829

a2

0.14128

a3

0.01168

References

[1] Harris, F. J. "On the Use of Windows for Harmonic Analysis with

the Discrete Fourier Transform." Proceedings

of the IEEE.Vol. 66 (January 1978).

pp. 51-84.

bohmanwin -Bohman

window

Syntax

w=bohmanwin(L)

Description

w = bohmanwin(L) returns

an L-point

Bohman window in column vector w.

A Bohman window is the convolution of two half-duration cosine

lobes. In the time domain, it is the product of a triangular window

and a single cycle of a cosine with a term added to set the first

derivative to zero at the boundary. Bohman windows fall off as

1/w4.

Examples

Compute a 64-point Bohman window and display the result using

WVTool:

L=64;

wvtool(bohmanwin(L))

Algorithm

The equation for computing the coefficients of a Bohman window

is

where x is

a length L vector

of linearly spaced values generated using linspace.

The first and last elements of the Bohman window are forced to be

identically zero.

References

[1] Harris, F. J. "On the Use of Windows for Harmonic Analysis with

the Discrete Fourier Transform." Proceedings

of the IEEE.Vol. 66 (January 1978). p.

67.

chebwin -Chebyshev

window

Syntax

w=chebwin(L,r)

Description

w = chebwin(L,r) returns

the column vector w containing

the length L Chebyshev

window whose Fourier transform sidelobe magnitude

is r dB

below the mainlobe magnitude. The default value

for r is

100.0 dB.

Note If you specify a

one-point window (set L=1),

the value 1 is

returned.

Examples

Create a 64-point Chebyshev window with 100 dB of sidelobe

attenuation and display the result using WVTool:

L=64;

wvtool(chebwin(L))

Algorithm

An artifact of the equiripple design method used

in chebwin is

the presence of impulses at the endpoints of the time-domain

response. This is due to the constant-level sidelobes in the

frequency domain. The magnitude of the impulses are on the order of

the size of the spectral sidelobes. If the sidelobes are large, the

effect at the endpoints may be significant. For more information on

this effect, see

References

[1] IEEE

Programs for Digital Signal Processing. IEEE Press. New

York: John Wiley & Sons, 1979. Program5.2.

[2] Harris, Fredric J. Multirate

Signal Processing for Communication

Systems,New Jersey: Prentice Hall PTR,

2004, pp. 60-64.

flattopwin -Flat

Top weighted window

Syntax

w = flattopwin(L)

w = flattopwin(L,sflag)

Description

Flat Top windows have very low passband ripple (<

0.01 dB) and are used primarily for calibration purposes. Their

bandwidth is approximately 2.5 times wider than a Hann window.

w = flattopwin(L) returns

the L-point

symmetric flat top window in column

vector w.

w = flattopwin(L,sflag) returns

the L-point

symmetric flat top window using sflag window

sampling, wheresflag is

either 'symmetric' or 'periodic'.

The 'periodic' flag

is useful for DFT/FFT purposes, such as in spectral analysis. The

DFT/FFT contains an implicit periodic extension and the periodic

flag enables a signal windowed with a periodic window to have

perfect periodic extension. When 'periodic' is

specified,flattopwin computes

a length L+1 window

and returns the first L points.

When using windows for filter design,

the 'symmetric' flag

should be used.

Algorithm

Flat top windows are summations of cosines. The coefficients of a

flat top window are computed from the following equation

where  and  elsewhere

and the window length is L = N +1. The coefficient values are

Coefficient

Value

a0

0.21557895

a1

0.41663158

a2

0.277263158

a3

0.083578947

a4

0.006947368

Examples

Create a 64-point, symmetric Flat Top window and view the window

using WVTool:

w = flattopwin(64);

wvtool(w);

Reference

[1] D'Antona, Gabriele. and A.

Ferrero, Digital

Signal Processing for Measurement Systems, New York:

Springer Media, Inc., 2006, pp. 70–72.

[2] Gade, Svend and H. Herlufsen, "Use of Weighting Functions in

DFT/FFT Analysis (Part I)," Brüel &

Kjær,Windows

to FFT Analysis (Part I) Technical Review, No. 3, 1987,

pp. 19-21.

gausswin -Gaussian

window

Syntax

w=gausswin(N)

w=gausswin(N,Alpha)

Description

w = gausswin(N) returns

an N-point

Gaussian window in the column vector w. L is

a positive integer. The coefficients of a Gaussian window are

computed from the following equation.

where ,

and α is inversely proportional to the standard deviation of a

Gaussian random variable.

w = gausswin(N,Alpha) returns

an N-point

Gaussian window where Alpha is

proportional to reciprocal of the standard deviation. The width of

the window is inversely related to the value of α; a larger value

of α produces a more narrow window. If α is omitted, it defaults to

2.5.

Note If the window appears

to be clipped, increase the number of points (N).

Examples

Create a 64-point Gaussian window and display the result in

WVTool:

L=64;

wvtool(gausswin(L))

Note The shape of this

window is similar in the frequency domain because the Fourier

transform of a Gaussian is also a Gaussian.

References

[1] Harris, F.J. "On the Use of Windows for Harmonic Analysis with

the Discrete Fourier Transform." Proceedings

of the IEEE. Vol. 66, No. 1 (January 1978).

[2] Roberts, Richard A., and C.T.

Mullis. Digital

Signal Processing. Reading, MA:

Addison-Wesley, 1987, pp. 135-136.

hann -Hann

(Hanning) window

Syntax

w=hann(L)

w=hann(L,'sflag')

Description

w=hann(L) returns

an L-point

symmetric Hann window in the column

vector w. L must

be a positive integer. The coefficients of a Hann window are

computed from the following equation.

The window length is .

w=hann(L,'sflag') returns

an L-point

Hann window using the window sampling specified

by 'sflag',

which can be either 'periodic' or 'symmetric' (the

default). The 'periodic' flag

is useful for DFT/FFT purposes, such as in spectral analysis. The

DFT/FFT contains an implicit periodic extension and the periodic

flag enables a signal windowed with a periodic window to have

perfect periodic extension. When 'periodic' is

specified,hann computes

a length L+1 window

and returns the first L points.

When using windows for filter design, the'symmetric' flag

should be used.

Note If you specify a

one-point window (L=1),

the value 1 is

returned.

Examples

Create a 64-point Hann window and display the result in WVTool:

L=64;

wvtool(hann(L))

References

[1] Oppenheim, A.V., and R.W.

Schafer, Discrete-Time

Signal Processing, Prentice-Hall, 1989, pp. 447-448.

kaiser -Kaiser

window

Syntax

w=kaiser(L,beta)

Description

w=kaiser(L,beta) returns

an L-point

Kaiser window in the column vector w. beta is

the Kaiser window parameter that affects the sidelobe attenuation

of the Fourier transform of the window. The default value

forbeta is

0.5.

To obtain a Kaiser window that designs an FIR filter with sidelobe

attenuation of α dB, use the following β.

Increasing beta widens

the main lobe and decreases the amplitude of the sidelobes (i.e.,

increases the attenuation).

Examples

Create a 200-point Kaiser window with a beta of 2.5 and display the

result using WVTool:

w = kaiser(200,2.5);

wvtool(w)

References

[1] Kaiser, J.F., "Nonrecursive Digital Filter Design Using the I0-

sinh Window Function," Proc. 1974 IEEE

Symp. Circuits and Systems, (April 1974), pp.20-23.

[2] Selected

Papers in Digital Signal Processing II, IEEE Press, New

York, 1975.

[3] Oppenheim, A.V., and R.W.

Schafer, Discrete-Time

Signal Processing, Prentice-Hall, 1989, p. 453.

nuttallwin -Nuttall-defined

minimum 4-term Blackman-Harris window

Syntax

w=nuttallwin(L)

Description

w = nuttallwin(L) returns

a minimum, L-point,

4-term Blackman-Harris window in the column

vector w.

The window is minimum in the sense that its maximum sidelobes are

minimized. The coefficients for this window differ from the

Blackman-Harris window coefficients computed

with blackmanharris and

produce slightly lower sidelobes.

Examples

Compare 64-point Blackman-Harris and Nuttall's Blackman-Harris

windows and plot them using WVTool:

L = 64;

w = blackmanharris(L);

y = nuttallwin(L);

wvtool(w,y)

The maximum difference between the two windows is

max(abs(y-w))

ans =

0.0099

Algorithm

The equation for computing the coefficients of a minimum 4-term

Blackman-Harris window, according to Nuttall, is

where  and

the window length is .

The coefficients for this window are

a0 =

0.3635819

a1 =

0.4891775

a2 =

0.1365995

a3 =

.0106411

References

[1] Nuttall, Albert H. "Some Windows with Very Good Sidelobe

Behavior." IEEE

Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal

Processing. Vol. ASSP-29 (February

1981). pp. 84-91.