栈堆的emplace和push_C++ 中"emplace_back" 与 "push_back" 的区别

C++ 中"emplace_back" 与 "push_back" 的区别

emplace_back和push_back都是向容器内添加数据.

对于在容器中添加类的对象时, 相比于push_back,emplace_back可以避免额外类的复制和移动操作.

"emplace_back avoids the extra copy or move operation required when using push_back."

参见: http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/emplace_back

注意下面代码中的emplace_back和push_back的添加方式(VS2012下编译通过):

#include

#include

#include

struct President

{

std::string name;

std::string country;

int year;

President(std::string p_name, std::string p_country, int p_year)

: name(std::move(p_name)), country(std::move(p_country)), year(p_year)

{

std::cout << "I am being constructed.\n";

}

President(President&& other)

: name(std::move(other.name)), country(std::move(other.country)), year(other.year)

{

std::cout << "I am being moved.\n";

}

President& operator=(const President& other);

};

int main()

{

std::vector elections;

std::cout << "emplace_back:\n";

elections.emplace_back("Nelson Mandela", "South Africa", 1994); //没有类的创建

std::vector reElections;

std::cout << "\npush_back:\n";

reElections.push_back(President("Franklin Delano Roosevelt", "the USA", 1936));

std::cout << "\nContents:\n";

for (President const& president: elections) {

std::cout << president.name << " was elected president of "

<< president.country << " in " << president.year << ".\n";

}

for (President const& president: reElections) {

std::cout << president.name << " was re-elected president of "

<< president.country << " in " << president.year << ".\n";

}

}

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