python解析xml文件elementtree_python 解析xml 文件: Element Tree 方式

环境

python：3.4.4

准备xml文件

首先新建一个xml文件，countries.xml。内容是在python官网上看到的。

1

2008

141100

4

2011

59900

68

2011

13600

准备python文件

新建一个test_ET.py，用来解析xml文件。

#!/usr/bin/python#-*- coding=utf-8 -*-

importxml.etree.ElementTree as ETfrom xml.etree.ElementTree importElement

tree= ET.parse('countries.xml')

nodes= tree.findall("country")for node innodes:#search node & attribute & text

print ("*****Country*****")if node.attrib["name"]:print ("Name:",node.attrib["name"])

rank=node.find("rank")print ("Rank:",rank.text)

year=node.find("year")print ("Year:",year.text)

gdppc=node.find("gdppc")print ("Gdppc:",gdppc.text)

neighbors=node.findall("neighbor")for neighbor inneighbors:print ("Neighbor:",neighbor.attrib["name"])#add node

rank=node.find("rank")

element=Element("rank_next", {"name":"Rank","create":"20151231"})

element.text="5"rank.append(element)#delete node

year=node.find("year")

node.remove(year)#add node attribute

node.set("force","NewForce")#update node attribute

node.set("name","NewNode")#delete node attribute

neighbors=node.findall("neighbor")for neighbor inneighbors:del neighbor.attrib["direction"]#add node text

neighbors=node.findall("neighbor")for neighbor inneighbors:

neighbor.text= "Hello,Neighbor"

#update node text

gdppc=node.find("gdppc")

gdppc.text= "11111"

#delete node text

rank=node.find("rank")

rank.text= ""tree.write("./out.xml", encoding="utf-8",xml_declaration=True)

执行结果

控制台：

>python test_ET.py*****Country*****Name: Liechtenstein

Rank:1Year:2008Gdppc:141100Neighbor: Austria

Neighbor: Switzerland*****Country*****Name: Singapore

Rank:4Year:2011Gdppc:59900Neighbor: Malaysia*****Country*****Name: Panama

Rank:68Year:2011Gdppc:13600Neighbor: Costa Rica

Neighbor: Colombia

out.xml文件：

5

11111

Hello,Neighbor

Hello,Neighbor

5

11111

Hello,Neighbor

5

11111

Hello,Neighbor

Hello,Neighbor

备注

具有方便友好的API。代码可用性好，速度快，消耗内存少。

最适合用来处理XML文档。

tree = ET.parse('countries.xml')

解析countries.xml并返回一个树。

tree.write("./out2.xml", encoding="utf-8",xml_declaration=True)

将元素树写入到文档，采用 “utf-8”编码，具有xml声明。

write(file, encoding="us-ascii", xml_declaration=None, default_namespace=None, method="xml")

Writes the element tree to a file, as XML. file is a file name, or a file object opened for writing. encoding [1] is the output encoding (default is US-ASCII). xml_declaration controls if an XML declaration should be added to the file. Use False for never, True for always, None for only if not US-ASCII or UTF-8 (default is None). default_namespace sets the default XML namespace (for “xmlns”). method is either "xml", "html" or "text" (default is "xml"). Returns an encoded string.