搭建环境
创建数据库
create database mybatis;
use mybatis;
create table user(
id int(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
name char(30) NULL,
pwd char(30) NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(id)
)ENGINE=INNODB;
INSERT INTO USER(name,pwd)
VALUES('Tom','123'),('Jack','456'),('Kit','789');
新建maven项目,在pom.xml中导入依赖
删除src目录,将其作为父工程
<!--导入依赖-->
<dependencies>
<!--mysql驱动-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.46</version>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--junit-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
在父工程中创建一个模块(module)
编写mybatis的核心配置文件(mybatis-config.xml)放置在resource目录下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!--核心配置文件-->
<configuration>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
<property name="username" value="Tom"/>
<property name="password" value="123456"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!--每一个Mapper.xml都需要在Mybatis核心配置文件中注册-->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="cn/ncu/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
编写mybatis的工具类(一般与dao,pojo在同一目录下)
该工具类的创建是为了方便之后对dao层接口方法的调用
public class MybatisUtils {
private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
static{
//使用mybatis的第一步,获取SqlSessionFactory对象
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream = null;
try {
inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
}
//既然有了 SqlSessionFactory,顾名思义,我们就可以从中获得 SqlSession 的实例了
// SqlSession 完全包含了面向数据库执行 SQL 命令所需的所有方法
public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
}
}
编写实体类(pojo层)
实体类与数据库中的表对应,并添加getter和setter,以及构造器和toString()
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
private String pwd;
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
'}';
}
public User() {}
public User(int id, String name, String pwd) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.pwd = pwd;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPwd() {
return pwd;
}
public void setPwd(String pwd) {
this.pwd = pwd;
}
}
编写DAO层接口
public interface UserMapper {
//查询所有用户
List<User> getUserList();
}
对DAO层接口的实现;在同一目录下创建一个UserMapper.xml文件
(由原来的Impl转换为Mapper文件)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace会绑定一个对应的Dao/Mapper接口-->
<mapper namespace="cn.ncu.dao.UserDao">
<!--查询语句
id:对应的namespace中的方法名
resultType:SQL语句执行的返回值
parameterType:参数类型
-->
<select id="getUserList" resultType="cn.ncu.pojo.User">
select * from mybatis.user
</select>
</mapper>
最终项目结构
测试
最后编写测试类即可对其进行测试
public class UserMapperTest {
@Test
public void getUserList(){
//获得SqlSession对象
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
try{
//执行SQL方式一:getMapper
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
List<User> userList = mapper.getUserList();
//执行SQL方式二:(不推荐使用)
//List<User> userList = sqlSession.selectList("cn.ncu.dao.UserDao.getUserList");
for (User user : userList) {
System.out.println(user.toString());
}
}catch (Exception e){
}finally {
//为了保证能够关闭SqlSession
//所有使用了try-catch-finally
sqlSession.close();
}
}
}
CRUD
首先,在接口(UserMapper)中定义想要进行的操作;
之后,再在对应的UserMapper.xml文件中对接口中定义的方法进行实现(使用标签实现);
最后,在测试类中,调用工具类中的方法获得sqlSession对象(SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession()),再通过该对象获取对应的Mapper(UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class)),并使用Mapper去调用接口中所定义的方法
查询操作
//查询全部用户
List<User> getUserList();
//根据Id查询用户
User getUserById(int id);
<select id="getUserList" resultType="cn.ncu.pojo.User">
select * from mybatis.user
</select>
<select id="getUserById" parameterType="int" resultType="cn.ncu.pojo.User">
select * from mybatis.user where id = #{id}
</select>
@Test
public void test(){
//获得SqlSession对象
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
List<User> userList = mapper.getUserList();
for (User user : userList) {
System.out.println(user.toString());
}
//关闭SqlSession
sqlSession.close();
}
@Test
public void getUserById(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
User user = mapper.getUserById(1);
System.out.println(user);
sqlSession.close();
}
插入操作
//插入一个用户
int addUser(User user);
<!--对象中的属性,可以直接取出来-->
<insert id="addUser" parameterType="cn.ncu.pojo.User">
insert into mybatis.user(id,name,pwd) values (#{id},#{name},#{pwd})
</insert>
//增删改需要提交事务
@Test
public void addUser(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
int flag = mapper.addUser(new User(10, "Steven", "246"));
if(flag>0){
System.out.println("插入成功");
}
//提交事务
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
更新操作
//更新用户
int updateUserPwd(User user);
<update id="updateUserPwd" parameterType="cn.ncu.pojo.User">
update mybatis.user set name=#{name},pwd=#{pwd} where id=#{id}
</update>
@Test
public void updateUserPwd(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
mapper.updateUserPwd(new User(10,"Helan","000"));
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
删除操作
//删除用户
int deleteUser(int id);
<delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
delete from mybatis.user where id=#{id}
</delete>
@Test
public void deleteUser(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
mapper.deleteUser(10);
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
使用Map进行操作
当实体类或者数据库中的表中,字段或者参数过多,我们应该考虑使用map
Map传递参数,直接在sql中取出key即可
对象传递参数,则在sql中取对象的属性
只有一个基本类型参数的情况下,可以直接在sql中取到
//使用map
int addUserByMap(Map<String,Object> map);
<!--
使用map作为参数的时候
对象中的属性可以直接取出来,只需要和map中的key对应即可
-->
<insert id="addUserByMap" parameterType="map">
insert into mybatis.user(id,name,pwd) values (#{userId},#{userName},#{password})
</insert>
@Test
public void addUserByMap(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("userId",10);
map.put("userName","Steven");
map.put("password","666");
mapper.addUserByMap(map);
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
模糊查询
需要使用通配符,可以传递通配符,也可以在sql拼接的时候使用通配符
List<User>getUserLike(String value);
<!--这里是在sql中直接拼接了通配符-->
<select id="getUserLike" parameterType="String" resultType="cn.ncu.pojo.User">
select * from mybatis.user where name like "%"#{value}"%"
</select>
//模糊查询
@Test
public void getUserLike(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
//这里是通过传递的方式,将通配符传入sql中
List<User> userList = mapper.getUserLike("%T%");
for (User user : userList) {
System.out.println(user);
}
sqlSession.close();
}