JSP操作MySQL数据库实例讲解
一:概述
在开始介绍之前先谈谈为什么要写这片文章,个人认为作为一个运维工程师,我们要熟悉的知识网络,不仅仅要限于点知识的掌握,比如linux系统,web服务器的搭建,数据库等等,还要熟悉这些点组成的网络,确切的说,点之间的是怎么相互影响的,点与点之间怎么相互操作等等,比如在某个点出现问题时,我们可以系统的分析,最终查找到问题的根源。那么在web前端的JSP程序(或者PHP,ASP等)是怎么通过中间的程序与后台的数据库建立起一条线(这里我们暂且将JSP,tomcat,mysql称为一条所谓的线),怎么通信,怎么相互影响,这里涉及的内容太多了,限于个人水平有恨,仅介绍一下JSP怎么通过tomcat,连接后台的mysql数据库。
二:拓扑图
实验环境:Centos5.8(kernel 2.6.18)+tomcat5.5+mysql5.0
三:JSP连接MySQL
注:服务器的搭建不是本文的重点
这里先介绍一下前端的JSP页面和Tomcat连接的相关知识点,这里谈谈个人的理解,首先JSP程序和tomcat通信要通过tomcat提供的连接池,tomcat可以在连接池中设置最大数量的连接,提供给JSP程序连接,连接池中的连接可以动态的释放与回收。但是连接池中提供的连接数要小于Mysql连接池的数量。
tomcat配置连接池
tomcat连接池配置
vi/vim server.xml
Oracle数据库的连接池配置
在中配置如下信息
auth="Container"
description="sqlserver Datasource"
name="jdbc/ora"
type="javax.sql.DataSource"
maxActive="50"
maxIdle="10"
username="" ---->连接数据库的用户名
maxWait="10000"
driverClassName="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"
password=""----->连接数据库的用户密码
url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@host:port/databases"
removeAbandoned="true"
removeAbandonedTimeout="60"
logAbandoned="true"/>
MySQL数据库的连接池配置
name="jdbc/TestDB"
auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource"
maxActive="100"
maxIdle="30"
maxWait="10000"
username="javauser"
password="javadude"
driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/javatest"/>
SQL的连接池配置
auth="Container"
description="sqlserver Datasource"
name="jdbc/sqlserver110"
type="javax.sql.DataSource"
maxActive="100"
maxIdle="10"
username=""
maxWait="10000"
driverClassName="com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver"
password=""
url="jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver:IP(端口);数据库名字;"reconnect=true"
removeAbandoned="true"
removeAbandonedTimeout="60"
logAbandoned="true" />
tomcat5.5参数解释:
tomcat5.5参数说明:
1 maxActive: Maximum number of dB connections in pool. Make sure you
configure your mysqld max_connections large enough to handle
all of your db connections. Set to -1 for no limit
连接池中最大的连接数 设为-1 表示不限制 注意数据的连接数要大于此连接数
2 maxIdle: Maximum number of idle dB connections to retain in pool.
Set to -1 for no limit. See also the DBCP documentation on this
and the minEvictableIdleTimeMillis configuration parameter
保持在连接中最大的闲置连接数(在连接池最大的空闲连接数)
3 maxWait: Maximum time to wait for a dB connection to become available
in ms, in this example 10 seconds. An Exception is thrown if
this timeout is exceeded. Set to -1 to wait indefinitely
等待一个连接成为可用连接的最大等待时间 单位毫秒ms
4 driverClassName: Class name for the old mm.mysql JDBC driver is
org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver - we recommend using Connector/J though.
Class name for the official MySQL Connector/J driver is com.mysql.jdbc.Driver.
5 url: The JDBC connection url for connecting to your MySQL dB
6 removeAbandoned="true"(abandoned dB connections are removed and recycled)
解释:被遗弃的数据连接 回收到连接池中 默认为false
7 removeAbandonedTimeout="60"(a dB connection has been idle before it is considered abandoned)单位秒
解释:在一个连接空闲多少秒会被遗弃
8 logAbandoned="true"
记录被遗弃的数据连接 默认为false
在web应用程序的目录下创建WEB-INF/web.xml,并添加如下内容
web.xml configuration
Oracle Datasource example
jdbc/myoracle
javax.sql.DataSource
Container
JSP连接数据库的用户
MySQL configuration
mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO javauser@localhost
->IDENTIFIED BY 'javadude' WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql>create database javatest;
mysql>use javatest;
mysql>create table testdata (
->id int not null auto_increment primary key,
->foo varchar(25),
->bar int);
mysql>insert into testdata values(null, 'hello', 12345);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from testdata; +----+-------+-------+ | ID | FOO | BAR | +----+-------+-------+ | 1 | hello | 12345 | +----+-------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 注意:Create a new test user, a new database and a single test table. Your MySQL user must have a password assigned. The driver will fail if you try to connect with an empty password Note!!!: the above user should be removed once testing is complete!
JSP测试页面
String driverName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
String userName="javauser";
String userPasswd="java";
String dbName="javatest";
String tableName="testdata";
String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost/"+dbName+"?user="+userName+"&password="+userPasswd;
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance();
Connection connection=DriverManager.getConnection(url);
Statement statement=connection.createStatement();
String sql="SELECT * FROM "+tableName;
ResultSet rs=statement.executeQuery(sql);
while (rs.next())
{
String foo=rs.getString("foo");
String bar=rs.getString("bar");
out.print(foo+" ");
out.print(bar+" ");
}
rs.close();
statement.close();
connection.close();
%>
上述代码仅是实现的一例。
四:测试