python报错unicodedecodeerror_Python运行报错UnicodeDecodeError

Python2.7在Windows上有一个bug，运行报错：

UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xc4 in position 33: ordinal not in range(128)

解决方案如下：

编辑Python27\Lib\mimetypes.py文件，全选，替换为以下patch后的正确脚本，或者直接依据此patch修改：

"""Guess the MIME type of a file.

This module defines two useful functions:

guess_type(url, strict=1) -- guess the MIME type and encoding of a URL.

guess_extension(type, strict=1) -- guess the extension for a given MIME type.

It also contains the following, for tuning the behavior:

Data:

knownfiles -- list of files to parse

inited -- flag set when init() has been called

suffix_map -- dictionary mapping suffixes to suffixes

encodings_map -- dictionary mapping suffixes to encodings

types_map -- dictionary mapping suffixes to types

Functions:

init([files]) -- parse a list of files, default knownfiles (on Windows, the

default values are taken from the registry)

read_mime_types(file) -- parse one file, return a dictionary or None

"""

from itertools import count

import os

import sys

import posixpath

import urllib

try:

import _winreg

except ImportError:

_winreg = None

__all__ = [

"guess_type","guess_extension","guess_all_extensions",

"add_type","read_mime_types","init"

]

knownfiles = [

"/etc/mime.types",

"/etc/httpd/mime.types", # Mac OS X

"/etc/httpd/conf/mime.types", # Apache

"/etc/apache/mime.types", # Apache 1

"/etc/apache2/mime.types", # Apache 2

"/usr/local/etc/httpd/conf/mime.types",

"/usr/local/lib/netscape/mime.types",

"/usr/local/etc/httpd/conf/mime.types", # Apache 1.2

"/usr/local/etc/mime.types", # Apache 1.3

]

inited = False

_db = None

class MimeTypes:

"""MIME-types datastore.

This datastore can handle information from mime.types-style files

and supports basic determination of MIME type from a filename or

URL, and can guess a reasonable extension given a MIME type.

"""

def __init__(self, filenames=(), strict=True):

if not inited:

init()

self.encodings_map = encodings_map.copy()

self.suffix_map = suffix_map.copy()

self.types_map = ({}, {}) # dict for (non-strict, strict)

self.types_map_inv = ({}, {})

for (ext, type) in types_map.items():

self.add_type(type, ext, True)

for (ext, type) in common_types.items():

self.add_type(type, ext, False)

for name in filenames:

self.read(name, strict)

def add_type(self, type, ext, strict=True):

"""Add a mapping between a type and an extension.

When the extension is already known, the new

type will replace the old one. When the type

is already known the extension will be added

to the list of known extensions.

If strict is true, information will be added to

list of standard types, else to the list of non-standard

types.

"""

self.types_map[strict][ext] = type

exts = self.types_map_inv[strict].setdefault(type, [])

if ext not in exts:

exts.append(ext)

def guess_type(self, url, strict=True):

"""Guess the type of a file based on its URL.

Return value is a tuple (type, encoding) where type is None if

the type can't be guessed (no or unknown suffix) or a string

of the form type/subtype, usable for a MIME Content-type

header; and encoding is None for no encoding or the name of

the program used to encode (e.g. compress or gzip). The

mappings are table driven. Encoding suffixes are case

sensitive; type suffixes are first tried case sensitive, then

case insensitive.

The suffixes .tgz, .taz and .tz (case sensitive!) are all

mapped to '.tar.gz'. (This is table-driven too, using the

dictionary suffix_map.)

Optional `strict' argument when False adds a bunch of commonly found,

but non-standard types.

"""

scheme, url = urllib.splittype(url)

if scheme == 'data':

# syntax of data URLs:

# dataurl := "data:" [ mediatype ] [ ";base64" ] "," data

# mediatype := [ type "/" subtype ] *( ";" parameter )

# data := *urlchar

# parameter := attribute "=" value

# type/subtype defaults to "text/plain"

comma = url.find(',')

if comma < 0:

# bad data URL

return None, None

semi = url.find(';', 0, comma)

if semi >= 0:

type = url[:semi]

else:

type = url[:comma]

if '=' in type or '/' not in type:

type = 'text/plain'

return type, None # never compressed, so encoding is None

base, ext = posixpath.splitext(url)

while ext in self.suffix_map:

base, ext = posixpath.splitext(base + self.suffix_map[ext])

if ext in self.encodings_map:

encoding = self.encodings_map[ext]

base, ext = posixpath.splitext(base)

else:

encoding = None

types_map = self.types_map[True]

if ext in types_map:

return types_map[ext], encoding

elif ext.lower() in types_map:

return types_map[ext.lower()], encoding

elif strict:

return None, encoding

types_map = self.types_map[False]

if ext in types_map:

return types_map[ext], encoding

elif ext.lower() in types_map:

return types_map[ext.lower()], encoding

else:

return None, encoding

def guess_all_extensions(self, type, strict=True):

"""Guess the extensions for a file based on its MIME type.

Return value is a list of strings giving the possible filename

extensions, including the leading dot ('.'). The extension is not

guaranteed to have been associated with any particular data stream,

but would be mapped to the MIME type `type' by guess_type().

Optional `strict' argument when false adds a bunch of commonly found,

but non-standard types.

"""

type = type.lower()

extensions = self.types_map_inv[True].get(type, [])

if not strict:

for ext in self.types_map_inv[False].get(type, []):

if ext not in extensions:

extensions.append(ext)

return extensions

def guess_extension(self, type, strict=True):

"""Guess the extension for a file based on its MIME type.

Return value is a string giving a filename extension,

including the leading dot ('.'). The extension is not

guaranteed to have been associated with any particular data

stream, but would be mapped to the MIME type `type' by

guess_type(). If no extension can be guessed for `type', None

is returned.

Optional `strict' argument when false adds a bunch of commonly found,

but non-standard types.

"""

extensions = self.guess_all_extensions(type, strict)

if not extensions:

return None

return extensions[0]

def read(self, filename, strict=True):

"""

Read a single mime.types-format file, specified by pathname.

If strict is true, information will be added to

list of standard types, else to the list of non-standard

types.

"""

with open(filename) as fp:

self.readfp(fp, strict)

def readfp(self, fp, strict=True):

"""

Read a single mime.types-format file.

If strict is true, information will be added to

list of standard types, else to the list of non-standard

types.

"""

while 1:

line = fp.readline()

if not line:

break

words = line.split()

for i in range(len(words)):

if words[i][0] == '#':

del words[i:]

break

if not words:

continue

type, suffixes = words[0], words[1:]

for suff in suffixes:

self.add_type(type, '.' + suff, strict)

def read_windows_registry(self, strict=True):

"""

Load the MIME types database from Windows registry.

If strict is true, information will be added to

list of standard types, else to the list of non-standard

types.

"""

# Windows only

if not _winreg:

return

def enum_types(mimedb):

for i in count():

try:

yield _winreg.EnumKey(mimedb, i)

except EnvironmentError:

break

default_encoding = sys.getdefaultencoding()

with _winreg.OpenKey(_winreg.HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT, '') as hkcr:

for subkeyname in enum_types(hkcr):

try:

with _winreg.OpenKey(hkcr, subkeyname) as subkey:

# Only check file extensions

if not subkeyname.startswith("."):

continue

# raises EnvironmentError if no 'Content Type' value

mimetype, datatype = _winreg.QueryValueEx(

subkey, 'Content Type')

if datatype != _winreg.REG_SZ:

continue

try:

mimetype = mimetype.encode(default_encoding)

subkeyname = subkeyname.encode(default_encoding)

except UnicodeEncodeError:

continue

self.add_type(mimetype, subkeyname, strict)

except EnvironmentError:

continue

def guess_type(url, strict=True):

"""Guess the type of a file based on its URL.

Return value is a tuple (type, encoding) where type is None if the

type can't be guessed (no or unknown suffix) or a string of the

form type/subtype, usable for a MIME Content-type header; and

encoding is None for no encoding or the name of the program used

to encode (e.g. compress or gzip). The mappings are table

driven. Encoding suffixes are case sensitive; type suffixes are

first tried case sensitive, then case insensitive.

The suffixes .tgz, .taz and .tz (case sensitive!) are all mapped

to ".tar.gz". (This is table-driven too, using the dictionary

suffix_map).

Optional `strict' argument when false adds a bunch of commonly found, but

non-standard types.

"""

if _db is None:

init()

return _db.guess_type(url, strict)

def guess_all_extensions(type, strict=True):

"""Guess the extensions for a file based on its MIME type.

Return value is a list of strings giving the possible filename

extensions, including the leading dot ('.'). The extension is not

guaranteed to have been associated with any particular data

stream, but would be mapped to the MIME type `type' by

guess_type(). If no extension can be guessed for `type', None

is returned.

Optional `strict' argument when false adds a bunch of commonly found,

but non-standard types.

"""

if _db is None:

init()

return _db.guess_all_extensions(type, strict)

def guess_extension(type, strict=True):

"""Guess the extension for a file based on its MIME type.

Return value is a string giving a filename extension, including the

leading dot ('.'). The extension is not guaranteed to have been

associated with any particular data stream, but would be mapped to the

MIME type `type' by guess_type(). If no extension can be guessed for

`type', None is returned.

Optional `strict' argument when false adds a bunch of commonly found,

but non-standard types.

"""

if _db is None:

init()

return _db.guess_extension(type, strict)

def add_type(type, ext, strict=True):

"""Add a mapping between a type and an extension.

When the extension is already known, the new

type will replace the old one. When the type

is already known the extension will be added

to the list of known extensions.

If strict is true, information will be added to

list of standard types, else to the list of non-standard

types.

"""

if _db is None:

init()

return _db.add_type(type, ext, strict)

def init(files=None):

global suffix_map, types_map, encodings_map, common_types

global inited, _db

inited = True # so that MimeTypes.__init__() doesn't call us again

db = MimeTypes()

if files is None:

if _winreg:

db.read_windows_registry()

files = knownfiles

for file in files:

if os.path.isfile(file):

db.read(file)

encodings_map = db.encodings_map

suffix_map = db.suffix_map

types_map = db.types_map[True]

common_types = db.types_map[False]

# Make the DB a global variable now that it is fully initialized

_db = db

def read_mime_types(file):

try:

f = open(file)

except IOError:

return None

db = MimeTypes()

db.readfp(f, True)

return db.types_map[True]

def _default_mime_types():

global suffix_map

global encodings_map

global types_map

global common_types

suffix_map = {

'.tgz': '.tar.gz',

'.taz': '.tar.gz',

'.tz': '.tar.gz',

'.tbz2': '.tar.bz2',

'.txz': '.tar.xz',

}

encodings_map = {

'.gz': 'gzip',

'.Z': 'compress',

'.bz2': 'bzip2',

'.xz': 'xz',

}

# Before adding new types, make sure they are either registered with IANA,

# at http://www.php.cn/

# or extensions, i.e. using the x- prefix

# If you add to these, please keep them sorted!

types_map = {

'.a' : 'application/octet-stream',

'.ai' : 'application/postscript',

'.aif' : 'audio/x-aiff',

'.aifc' : 'audio/x-aiff',

'.aiff' : 'audio/x-aiff',

'.au' : 'audio/basic',

'.avi' : 'video/x-msvideo',

'.bat' : 'text/plain',

'.bcpio' : 'application/x-bcpio',

'.bin' : 'application/octet-stream',

'.bmp' : 'image/x-ms-bmp',

'.c' : 'text/plain',

# Duplicates

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