计算机图形动画处理实训报告,计算机图形学实验二pj报告

计算机图形学

实验二

实验目的

理解掌握OPENGL图像平移、旋转和缩放的原理，并编程实现；

实验要求给定三维图元(立方体，四面体和球)，把图元拼接成象形动物；

要求图元必须按照层级组织；

评分标准

现场演示+黑盒测试+源代码提交。

总分10分，分为3部分：

·拼接象形动物，5分；

·图元的层级组织，5分；

实现思路

本实验实现的为一个简单的机器人。采用的基本方法就是第八章层级建模方法中提到的压栈出栈。第一个push操作把当前的模视变换矩阵的一个备份压入堆栈的顶部。由于在堆栈中保留了当前变换矩阵的一个备份，所以可以立即进行其他的几何变换从而改变当前变换矩阵。在开头使用了push操作而在结尾使用了pop操作，可以防止程序的其他部分受该函数状态变化的影响，从而起到代码隔离的作用。按同样的方法可以编写其余部件的绘制函数。

实现结果

经过层级建模画出来一个机器人，头部采用球体而其他部分采用立方体或四方体组成。整个机器人的架构分为头-->脖子-->躯干-->手臂-->大腿-->小腿-->脚。因为实验未要求进行动画，本实验采用了简单的动画，即让机器人在原地360°循环踏步转圈。效果如图所示：

源码展示

#include

#include

#include "GL/glut.h"

#include

#include

#include

#include

static int shoulder1 = 0;

static int shoulder2 = 0;

static int hand=0;

static int turn1=0;

static int tag=0;

static int turn=0 ;//转弯

static float forward=0;//前进

static float elbow = 0 ,z=0;

int w;

int h;

int font=(int)GLUT_BITMAP_8_BY_13;

char s[30];

int frame,timeOwn,timebase=0;

static GLfloat xRot = 0.0f;

static GLfloat yRot = 0.0f;

//是否停止转动

bool IsStop=false;

//光照 使用光源

//GLfloat specular[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,

-1.0f};//反射光

//GLfloat specref[] = { 1.0f,

1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f };//a

GLfloat ambientLight[] = { 0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f,

1.0f};//环绕光

GLfloat spotDir[] = { 0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f };

GLboolean bEdgeFlag = TRUE;

void showText(void);

void resetPerspectiveProjection() ;

void setOrthographicProjection() ;

//.....................................................//

//.....................................................//

void display(void)

{

glClear

(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);

if (IsStop==false)

{

turn = (turn - 5) % 360;

if (forward<2)

{

turn1=turn;

forward = forward

-0.04*sin((GLfloat)turn1/360*3.14*2);

z=z-0.05*cos((GLfloat)turn1/360*3.14*2);

if(tag==0){

shoulder1 = (shoulder1 + 1);

shoulder2 = (shoulder2 - 1);

if(shoulder1>=0){elbow=elbow-1.2;}

else{elbow=elbow+1.2;}

}

else

{

shoulder1 = (shoulder1 - 1);

shoulder2 = (shoulder2 + 1);

if(shoulder1>=0){elbow=elbow+1.25;}

else{elbow=elbow-1.2;}

}

if(shoulder1>30){

tag=1;

}

if(shoulder1

tag=0;

}

}else

{

turn1=turn;

forward = forward

+0.04*sin((GLfloat)turn1/360*3.14*2);

z=z+0.05*cos((GLfloat)turn1/360*3.14*2);

if(tag==0){

shoulder1 = (shoulder1 - 1);

shoulder2 = (shoulder2 + 1);

}

else

{

shoulder1 = (shoulder1 + 1);

shoulder2 = (shoulder2 - 1);

}

if(shoulder1>30)

{

tag=0;

}

if(shoulder1

{

tag=1;

}

}

}

//

glBegin(GL_QUADS);

glColor3ub(230,232,0);

glVertex3f(8.0f, -3.0f,

-4.0f);

glVertex3f(-8.0f, -3.0f,

-4.0f);

glColor3ub(255,153,204);

glVertex3f(-8.0f, -3.0f,

4.0f);

glVertex3f(8.0f, -3.0f,

4.0f);

glEnd();

//运动

glPushMatrix();

glTranslatef (forward,0.0,z); //前进

glRotatef ((GLfloat) turn, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);

glTranslatef (0.375,0.0, 0.0);//提起右大腿

glRotatef ((GLfloat) shoulder2, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0);

glTranslatef (0.0, -0.5, 0.0);

glColor3f(0.8,1.0,0.2);

glPushMatrix();

glScalef (0.5, 1.0, 0.5);

glutSolidCube(1.0);

glPopMatrix();

glTranslatef (0.0, -0.5, 0.0);//提起右小腿

glRotatef ((GLfloat) elbow, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0);

glTranslatef (0.0, -0.5, 0.0);

glColor3f(0.5,0.1,0.8);

glPushMatrix();

glScalef (0.5, 1.0, 0.5);

glutSolidCube(1.0);

glPopMatrix();

glTranslatef (0.0, -0.5, -0.1);//右脚

glColor3f(0.5,0.2,1.0);

glPushMatrix();

glScalef (0.5, 0.1, 0.7);

glutSolidCube(1.0);

glPopMatrix();

glPopMatrix

();

glPushMatrix();

glTranslatef (forward,0.0,z);

glRotatef ((GLfloat) turn, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);

glTranslatef (-0.375, 0.0, 0.0);//左大腿

glRotatef ((GLfloat) shoulder1, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0);

glTranslatef (0.0, -0.5, 0.0);

glColor3f(0.8,1.0,0.2);

glPushMatrix();

glScalef (0.5, 1.0, 0.5);

glutSolidCube(1.0);

glPopMatrix();

glTranslatef (0.0, -0.5, 0.0);//左小腿

glRotatef ((GLfloat) elbow, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0);

glTranslatef (0.0, -0.5, 0.0);

glColor3f(0.5,0.1,0.8);

glPushMatrix();

glScalef (0.5, 1.0, 0.5);//缩放四方体

glutSolidCube(1.0);//画四方体

glPopMatrix();

glTranslatef (0.0, -0.5, -0.1);//左脚

glColor3f(0.5,0.2,1.0);

glPushMatrix();

glScalef (0.5, 0.1, 0.7);

glutSolidCube(1.0);

glPopMatrix();

glPopMatrix();

glPushMatrix();

glTranslatef (forward,0.0,z);

glRotatef ((GLfloat) turn, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);

glTranslatef (0.0, 1.0, 0.0);//躯干

glColor3f(0.5,0.5,1.0);

glPushMatrix();

glScalef (1.4, 2.0, 0.5);

glutSolidCube(1.0);

glPopMatrix();

glTranslatef (0.0, 1.20, 0.0);//脖子

glColor3f(0.5,0.5,1.0);

glPushMatrix();

glScalef (0.5, 0.5, 0.5);

glutSolidCube(0.5);

glPopMatrix();

glPopMatrix();

glPushMatrix();

glTranslatef (forward,0.0,z);

glRotatef

((GLfloat) turn, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);

glTranslatef (0.0, 2.75, 0.0);//头

glColor3f(0.0,0.0,1.0);

glPushMatrix();

glScalef (0.5, 0.5, 0.5);

glutSolidSphere(1.0,100,100);

glPopMatrix();

glPopMatrix();

glPushMatrix();

glTranslatef (forward,0.0,z);

glRotatef

((GLfloat) turn, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);

// glTranslatef (0.0, 2.75, 0.0);//帽子

// glColor3f(0.0,1.0,1.0);

// glPushMatrix();

// glScalef (0.5, 0.5, 0.5);

// glutSolidTetrahedron;

// glPopMatrix();

//

// glPopMatrix();

//

// glPushMatrix();

// glTranslatef (forward,0.0,z);

// glRotatef

((GLfloat) turn, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);

glTranslatef (0.85, 1.75, 0.0);//右臂

glRotatef ((GLfloat) shoulder1, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0);

glTranslatef (0.0, -0.5, 0.0);

glColor3f(1.0,0.0,1.0);

glPushMatrix();

glScalef (0.3, 1.3, 0.4);

glutSolidCube(1.0);

glPopMatrix();

glPopMatrix();

glPushMatrix();

glTranslatef (forward,0.0,z);

glRotatef ((GLfloat) turn, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);

//

// glTranslatef (0.0, 1.05, 0.0);//提起右小腿

// glRotatef ((GLfloat) elbow, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0);

// glTranslatef (0.0, -0.5, 0.0);

//

// glColor3f(0.5,0.1,0.8);

// glPushMatrix();

// glScalef (0.5, 1.0, 0.5);

// glutSolidCube(1.0);

// glPopMatrix();

// glTranslatef (-0.85, 1.75, 0.0);//提起右大腿

// glRotatef ((GLfloat) shoulder2, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0);

//

// glTranslatef (0.0, -0.5, 0.0);

// glColor3f(0.8,1.0,0.2);

// glPushMatrix();

// glScalef (0.3, 1.3, 0.4);

// glutSolidCube(1.0);

// glPopMatrix();

// glTranslatef (-1.225, 1.25, 0.0);//提起右小腿

// glRotatef ((GLfloat) elbow, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0);

// glTranslatef (0.0, -0.5, 0.0);

//

// glColor3f(0.5,0.1,0.8);

// glPushMatrix();

// glScalef (0.5, 1.0, 0.5);

// glutSolidCube(1.0);

// glPopMatrix();

glTranslatef (-0.85, 1.75, 0.0);//左臂

glRotatef ((GLfloat) shoulder2, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0);

glTranslatef (0.0, -0.5, 0.0);

glColor3f(1.0,0.0,1.0);

glPushMatrix();

glScalef (0.3, 1.3, 0.4);

glutSolidCube(1.0);

glPopMatrix();

glPopMatrix();

glutSwapBuffers();

}

//something

void reshape (int w1, int h1)

{

w=w1;

h=h1;

glViewport (0, 0, (GLsizei)

w1, (GLsizei) h1);

glMatrixMode

(GL_PROJECTION);

glLoadIdentity ();

gluPerspective(65.0, (GLfloat)

w1/(GLfloat) h1, 1.0, 20.0);

glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);

glLoadIdentity();

glTranslatef (0.0, 0.0,

-8.0);

}

void TimerFunction(int value)

{

display();

glutPostRedisplay();

glutTimerFunc(33,TimerFunction, 1);

}

//主函数

int main(int argc, char** argv)

{

glutInit(&argc,

argv);

glutInitDisplayMode

(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB);

glutInitWindowSize (800,

600);

glutInitWindowPosition (100,

100);

glutCreateWindow("机器人");

glutDisplayFunc(display);

glutReshapeFunc(reshape);

glutTimerFunc(33, TimerFunction, 1);

glutMainLoop();

return 0;

}