python运行时间长_python如何统计代码运行的时长

1. 背景

有时候，需要统计一段代码运行所用的时长，则可以用到下面的代码。

2. 代码示例

#!/usr/bin/env python

import datetime

import time

start_time = datetime.datetime.now()

time.sleep(5)

end_time = datetime.datetime.now()

delta = end_time - start_time

delta_gmtime = time.gmtime(delta.total_seconds())

duration_str = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S", delta_gmtime)

print "start time:", start_time

print "end time:", end_time

print "delta_gmtime:", delta_gmtime

print "duration:", duration_str

运行效果：

flying-bird@flyingbird:~/examples/python/time_test$ ./time_test.py

start time: 2015-06-09 20:11:47.437286

end time: 2015-06-09 20:11:52.440018

delta_gmtime: time.struct_time(tm_year=1970, tm_mon=1, tm_mday=1, tm_hour=0, tm_min=0, tm_sec=5, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=1, tm_isdst=0)

duration: 00:00:05

flying-bird@flyingbird:~/examples/python/time_test$

3. 进一步优化

在上面的例子中，还是涉及到一些datetime细节。为此，可以进一步封装。如下：

import datetime

import time

class TimeDuration(object):

'Time duration.'

def __init__(self):

pass

def start(self):

self.start_time = datetime.datetime.now()

self.end_time = None

def stop(self):

if self.start_time is None:

print "ERROR: start() must be called before stop()."

return

self.end_time = datetime.datetime.now()

def getDurationStr(self):

'String of duration with the format "%H:%M:%S".'

if self.start_time is None or self.end_time is None:

print "ERROR: start() and stop() must be called first.";

return

delta = self.end_time - self.start_time

delta_gmtime = time.gmtime(delta.total_seconds())

return time.strftime("%H:%M:%S", delta_gmtime)

调用示例：

flying-bird@flyingbird:~/examples/python/time_test$ cat time_test2.py

#!/usr/bin/env python

import time

import time_utils

duration = time_utils.TimeDuration()

duration.start()

time.sleep(5)

duration.stop()

print duration.getDurationStr()

flying-bird@flyingbird:~/examples/python/time_test$ ./time_test2.py

00:00:05

flying-bird@flyingbird:~/examples/python/time_test$

4. 小结

把一些不熟悉的python细节封装起来，以后调用起来就会简化很多。

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