python 字典有何用_Python什么时候用到字典

字典(Dictionary)在Python中是一种可变的容器模型，它是通过一组键(key)值(value)对组成，这种结构类型通常也被称为映射，或者叫关联数组，也有叫哈希表的。每个key-value之间用“:”隔开，每组用“,”分割，整个字典用“{}”括起来。

凡是用到键值对的地方，就可以用字典。爬虫中的headers都可以用到字典(推荐学习：Python视频教程)# coding:utf-8

import requests

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

class SpiderProxy(object):

#Python版本为2.7以上

headers = {

"Host": "www.xicidaili.com",

"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.11; rv:47.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/47.0",

"Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8",

"Accept-Language": "en-US,en;q=0.5",

"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",

"Referer": "http://www.xicidaili.com/wt/1",

}

def __init__(self, session_url):

self.req = requests.session()

self.req.get(session_url)

def get_pagesource(self, url):

html = self.req.get(url, headers=self.headers)

return html.content

def get_all_proxy(self, url, n):

data = []

for i in range(1, n):

html = self.get_pagesource(url + str(i))

soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "lxml")

table = soup.find('table', id="ip_list")

for row in table.findAll("tr"):

cells = row.findAll("td")

tmp = []

for item in cells:

tmp.append(item.find(text=True))

data.append(tmp[1:3])

return data

session_url = 'http://www.xicidaili.com/wt/1'

url = 'http://www.xicidaili.com/wt/'

p = SpiderProxy(session_url)

proxy_ip = p.get_all_proxy(url, 10)

for item in proxy_ip:

if item:

print item

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