python学习笔记（1）:numpy库数组数据文件的读写

一.二进制文件的读写

Numpy的save（）方法以二进制格式保存数据，load（）方法则从二进制文件中读取数据

生成data数据集保存并读取：

import numpy as np
data = np.random.random((5,5))#随机生成5行5列数据
print(data)
np.save('save_data',data)
loaded_data = np.load('save_data.npy')
print(loaded_data)

输出

[[ 0.2302019   0.77747054  0.52459506  0.26392665  0.94323608]
 [ 0.12712797  0.99152554  0.45575105  0.13240706  0.90566008]
 [ 0.91255093  0.44812499  0.26680301  0.60879232  0.93876233]
 [ 0.68857364  0.4243645   0.98507145  0.25826399  0.60790692]
 [ 0.44836637  0.75147429  0.20443421  0.05638813  0.1627534 ]]

[[ 0.2302019   0.77747054  0.52459506  0.26392665  0.94323608]
 [ 0.12712797  0.99152554  0.45575105  0.13240706  0.90566008]
 [ 0.91255093  0.44812499  0.26680301  0.60879232  0.93876233]
 [ 0.68857364  0.4243645   0.98507145  0.25826399  0.60790692]
 [ 0.44836637  0.75147429  0.20443421  0.05638813  0.1627534 ]]

二.读取文件中的列表形式数据

genfromtxt('*.csv',delimiter=',',names=True)函数

data = np.genfromtxt('data.csv', delimiter=',',names=True)#names用于判断是否含有列标题，数据中空的列以nan填充
data = data[0:10]

data.dtype#看每列属性的名称

data['RSS_anchor1']#查看某一列

输出

[(-0.57143, -0.12, -0.28571 , -0.05) (-0.57143, -0.16,  0.14286 , -0.15)
 (-0.57143, -0.2 , -0.19048 ,  0.05) (-0.52381, -0.2 ,  0.      , -0.1 )
 (-0.90476, -0.08, -0.66667 ,  0.3 ) (-0.85714,  0.  ,  0.14286 ,  0.25)
 (-0.66667, -0.32,  0.047619,  0.25) (-0.42857, -0.56, -0.28571 ,  0.35)
 (-0.28571, -0.2 , -0.14286 ,  0.  ) (-0.2381 , -0.2 ,  0.14286 ,  0.3 )]

dtype([('RSS_anchor1', '<f8'), ('RSS_anchor2', '<f8'), ('RSS_anchor3', '<f8'), ('RSS_anchor4', '<f8')])

array([-0.57143, -0.57143, -0.57143, -0.52381, -0.90476, -0.85714,
       -0.66667, -0.42857, -0.28571, -0.2381 ])