Java 8 Optional相关学习和Demo
介绍
Optional 是一个对象容器,具有以下两个特点:
①:提示用户该对象可能为null
②:简化判断是否为null的if else代码
相关方法
-
创建:
Optional.empty(): 创建一个空的 Optional 实例
Optional.of(T t):创建一个 Optional 实例,当 t为null时抛出异常
Optional.ofNullable(T t):创建一个 Optional 实例,但当 t为null时不会抛出异常,而是返回一个空的实例
-
获取:
get():获取optional实例中的对象,当optional 容器为空时报错
-
判断:
isPresent():判断optional是否为空,如果空则返回false,否则返回true
ifPresent(Consumer c):如果optional不为空,则将optional中的对象传给Comsumer函数
orElse(T other):如果optional不为空,则返回optional中的对象;如果为null,则返回 other 这个默认值
orElseGet(Supplier other):如果optional不为空,则返回optional中的对象;如果为null,则使用Supplier函数生成默认值other
orElseThrow(Supplier exception):如果optional不为空,则返回optional中的对象;如果为null,则抛出Supplier函数生成的异常
-
过滤:
filter(Predicate p):如果optional不为空,则执行断言函数p,如果p的结果为true,则返回原本的optional,否则返回空的optional
-
映射:
map(Function<T, U> mapper):如果optional不为空,则将optional中的对象 t 映射成另外一个对象 u,并将 u 存放到一个新的optional容器中。
flatMap(Function< T,Optional< U > > mapper):跟上面一样,在optional不为空的情况下,将对象t映射成另外一个optional
区别:map会自动将u放到optional中,而flatMap则需要手动给u创建一个optional
Demo
选出年龄大于等于18,得分不为空并且大于60的用户
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {
private String name;
private int age;
private Integer score;
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//选出年龄大于等于18,得分不为空并且大于60的
List<User> list = initData();
//不使用Optional类
/*List<String> strings = list.stream()
.filter(user -> user.getScore() != null)
.filter(user -> user.getAge() >= 18 && user.getScore() > 80)
.map(User::getName)
.collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println(strings);*/
for (User user : list) {
Integer score = Optional.of(user).filter(u -> u.getAge() >= 18).map(User::getScore).orElse(0);
if (score>80){
System.out.println("入围"+user.getName());
}
}
}
public static List<User> initData(){
User s1 = new User("张三", 19, 80);
User s2 = new User("李四", 19, 50);
User s3 = new User("王五", 23, null);
User s4 = new User("赵六", 16, 90);
User s5 = new User("钱七", 18, 99);
User s6 = new User("孙八", 20, 40);
User s7 = new User("吴九", 21, 88);
return Arrays.asList(s1, s2, s3, s4, s5, s6, s7);
}
public String getCity1(User user) throws Exception{
if(user!=null){
if(user.getAddress()!=null){
Address address = user.getAddress();
if(address.getCity()!=null){
return address.getCity();
}
}
}
throw new Excpetion("取值错误");
}
public String getCity2(User user) throws Exception{
Optional.ofNullable(user)
.map(o -> o.getAddress())
.map(o -> o.getCity())
.orElseThrow(() -> new Excpetion("取值错误"));
}
//判断是否为空,不为空传入值到方法
if(user!=null){
dosomething(user);
}
//替换为
Optional.ofNullable(user).ifPresent(o -> getSome(o));
public User getUser(User user) throws Exception{
if(user!=null){
String name = user.getName();
if("zhangsan".equals(name)){
return user;
}
}else{
user = new User();
user.setName("zhangsan");
return user;
}
}
public User getUser1(User user) throws Exception{
Optional.ofNullable(user).filter(o -> "zhangsan".equals(o.getName())).orElseGet(() -> {
User user1 = new User();
user1.setName("zhangsan");
return user1;
});
}
}
2021,12,29
mysql循环插入数据,记录
(依赖存储过程实现)
create procedure xunhuan()
begin
DECLARE i INT DEFAULT 1;
WHILE (i <= 1000) DO
INSERT INTO zte_related_party
(id, org_name, org_unified_code, remark, invalid_flag, tenant_id, list_type, list_level, sub_list_level, start_date, end_date, created_by, created_date, last_updated_by, last_updated_date, enable_flag)
VALUES(REPLACE(UUID(), ‘-’, ‘’),‘测试临时数据1227’, ‘abc123’, ‘’, ‘N’, 10001, ‘forbidCooperationWhitelist’, ‘supplier’, ‘channeltype_02,channeltype_03’, ‘2021-12-20 00:00:00.0’, ‘2021-12-25 00:00:00.0’, ‘10128086’, ‘2021-12-20 14:13:49.0’, ‘10128086’, ‘2021-12-20 14:13:49.0’, ‘Y’);
SET i = i + 1;
END WHILE;
end;
call xunhuan();
学海无涯~
2022 04 19
mysql查找数据所在表中的位置(第几行)
SELECT id, @rownum := @rownum +1 AS rowsnumber
FROM 表a, (SELECT@rownum :=0) r
WHERE 条件