基于STM32F103R8TMCU的USB CDC UART工具

1. 背景

现在电脑上全是USB接口，但是传统的嵌入式设备，由于硬件简单，还有串口，因此USB转串口还是很有必要的。这里，利用一个STM32F103R8T最小系统板，做了一个USB转串口的小工具。

2. STM32Cube系统配置

晶振配置：

使能SWD调试接口还有Systick，这样可以使用HAL_Delay()函数了。

配置定时器，使用内部的CLOCK，分频器为24，周期为5000，这样，定时器溢出时间就被设置为5ms。

串口的配置，使能中断还有DMA。

USB的使能，并设置为CDC功能。


时钟树的配置

配置之后生成代码。

3. usbd_cdc_if.c重构

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : usbd_cdc_if.c
  * @version        : v2.0_Cube
  * @brief          : Usb device for Virtual Com Port.
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * <h2><center>&copy; Copyright (c) 2020 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.</center></h2>
  *
  * This software component is licensed by ST under Ultimate Liberty license
  * SLA0044, the "License"; You may not use this file except in compliance with
  * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
  *                             www.st.com/SLA0044
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */

/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "usbd_cdc_if.h"

/* USER CODE BEGIN INCLUDE */

/* USER CODE END INCLUDE */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
static void ComPort_Config(void);

/* USER CODE END PV */

/** @addtogroup STM32_USB_OTG_DEVICE_LIBRARY
  * @brief Usb device library.
  * @{
  */

/** @addtogroup USBD_CDC_IF
  * @{
  */

/** @defgroup USBD_CDC_IF_Private_TypesDefinitions USBD_CDC_IF_Private_TypesDefinitions
  * @brief Private types.
  * @{
  */

/* USER CODE BEGIN PRIVATE_TYPES */

/* USER CODE END PRIVATE_TYPES */

/**
  * @}
  */

/** @defgroup USBD_CDC_IF_Private_Defines USBD_CDC_IF_Private_Defines
  * @brief Private defines.
  * @{
  */

/* USER CODE BEGIN PRIVATE_DEFINES */
/* Define size for the receive and transmit buffer over CDC */
/* It's up to user to redefine and/or remove those define */
#define APP_RX_DATA_SIZE  1000
#define APP_TX_DATA_SIZE  1000
/* USER CODE END PRIVATE_DEFINES */

/**
  * @}
  */

/** @defgroup USBD_CDC_IF_Private_Macros USBD_CDC_IF_Private_Macros
  * @brief Private macros.
  * @{
  */

/* USER CODE BEGIN PRIVATE_MACRO */

/* USER CODE END PRIVATE_MACRO */

/**
  * @}
  */

/** @defgroup USBD_CDC_IF_Private_Variables USBD_CDC_IF_Private_Variables
  * @brief Private variables.
  * @{
  */
/* Create buffer for reception and transmission           */
/* It's up to user to redefine and/or remove those define */
/** Received data over USB are stored in this buffer      */
uint8_t UserRxBufferFS[APP_RX_DATA_SIZE];

/** Data to send over USB CDC are stored in this buffer   */
uint8_t UserTxBufferFS[APP_TX_DATA_SIZE];

/* USER CODE BEGIN PRIVATE_VARIABLES */
USBD_CDC_LineCodingTypeDef LineCoding = {
   
  115200,                       /* baud rate */
  0x00,                         /* stop bits-1 */
  0x00,                         /* parity - none */
  0x08                          /* nb. of bits 8 */
};

uint8_t UserRxBuffer[APP_RX_DATA_SIZE]; /* Received Data over USB are stored in 
                                         * this buffer */
uint8_t UserTxBuffer[APP_RX_DATA_SIZE]; /* Received Data over UART (CDC
                                         * interface) are stored in this buffer 
                                         */
uint32_t BuffLength;
uint32_t UserTxBufPtrIn = 0;    /* Increment this pointer or roll it back to
                                 * start address when data are received over
                                 * USART */
uint32_t UserTxBufPtrOut = 0;   /* Increment this pointer or roll it back to
                                 * start address when data are sent over USB */

extern UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;
extern UART_HandleTypeDef huart2;
extern TIM_HandleTypeDef htim1;

/* USER CODE END PRIVATE_VARIABLES */

/**
  * @}
  */

/** @defgroup USBD_CDC_IF_Exported_Variables USBD_CDC_IF_Exported_Variables
  * @brief Public variables.
  * @{
  */

extern USBD_HandleTypeDef hUsbDeviceFS;

/* USER CODE BEGIN EXPORTED_VARIABLES */

/* USER CODE END EXPORTED_VARIABLES */

/**
  * @}
  */

/** @defgroup USBD_CDC_IF_Private_FunctionPrototypes USBD_CDC_IF_Private_FunctionPrototypes
  * @brief Private functions declaration.
  * @{
  */

static int8_t CDC_Init_FS