使用python gzip进行解压和压缩

使用python gzip库进行文件压缩与解压缩

import gzip

使用gzip压缩已存在的文本文件

""""""
f_in = open("hello.txt","rb")
f_out = gzip.open("hello1.gz","wb")
f_out.write(f_in.read())
f_in.close()
f_out.close()
""""""
with open("hello.txt","rb") as f_in:
    with gzip.open("hello2.gz","wb") as f_out:
        f_out.write(f_in.read())
    
f_gzip = gzip.GzipFile("hello4.gz","wb")
f_in = open("hello.txt","rb")
f_gzip.write(f_in.read())
f_in.close()
f_gzip.close()

f_in = open("hello.txt","r")
f_out = gzip.open("hello1.gz","wb")
f_out.write(f_in.read())
f_in.close()
f_out.close()

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)

<ipython-input-27-18e6a62b051d> in <module>()
      1 f_in = open("hello.txt","r")
      2 f_out = gzip.open("hello1.gz","wb")
----> 3 f_out.write(f_in.read())
      4 f_in.close()
      5 f_out.close()


C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\gzip.py in write(self, data)
    258         else:
    259             # accept any data that supports the buffer protocol
--> 260             data = memoryview(data)
    261             length = data.nbytes
    262 


TypeError: memoryview: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str'

可见，就算是压文本文件，也要用rb模式进行打开，因为gzip中的write对象需要的是"byte-like object",而非str

使用gzip压缩已存在的二进制文件

with open("下载.jpg","rb") as f_in:
    with gzip.open("pic.gz","wb") as f_out:
        f_out.write(f_in.read())
    
    
    
    

所以，可以发现，其实用gzip压缩文本文件和二进制图片的用到的技术毫无差别。都是用rb模式得到原文件对象，创建一个gzip的文件对象，然后在gzip文件对象中写入使用read方法读取后的原文件对象就可以了

压缩数据流

#暂时空缺。问题在于：为什么数据流也可以压缩和解压，并且也需要解压和压缩？

使用gzip解压文件

解压分为两种，解压普通文件或者解压数据流。解压普通文件是压缩的逆过程

with gzip.open("hello.gz","rb") as f_in:
    with open("hello3.txt","wb")as f_out:
        f_out.write(f_in.read())   
        
f_gzip = gzip.GzipFile("hello4.gz","rb")
f_in = open("hello5.txt","wb")
f_in.write(f_gzip.read())
f_in.close()
f_gzip.close()

解压数据流

#暂时空缺

使用gzip压缩数据

str_ins = "hello,boy"
with gzip.open("boy.gz","w") as f:
    f.write(str_ins)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)

<ipython-input-28-5c9516f9b131> in <module>()
      1 str_ins = "hello,boy"
      2 with gzip.open("boy.gz","w") as f:
----> 3     f.write(str_ins)


C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\gzip.py in write(self, data)
    258         else:
    259             # accept any data that supports the buffer protocol
--> 260             data = memoryview(data)
    261             length = data.nbytes
    262 


TypeError: memoryview: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str'

str_b = b"hello,girl"
with gzip.open("girl.gz","w") as f:
    f.write(str_b)

可见，是不能够对文本字符串进行直接压缩的，而是将其变为字节字符串才可以

所以，一共有三种比较常见的方式进行解压和压缩，其中第三种是采用了GzipFile()方法

GzipFile方法是zip库中GzipFile类的构造方法，旨在提供一个gzip文件对象，当有数据写入这个对象时，就意味着对写入的数据进行压缩。而当有数据从这个对象中被读取时，就意味着压缩数据从这个对象中被解压了。

参考资料：https://blog.csdn.net/tao_627/article/details/4671258

https://blog.csdn.net/imwise/article/details/43053029

https://docs.python.org/3/library/gzip.html