python3 dict增删查改

增

[key] = value如果有相同的key值则覆盖，如果没有则添加

>>> dic = {1:2,3:4}

>>> dic[5] = 6
>>> dic
{1: 2, 3: 4, 5: 6}

>>> dic[1] = 3
>>> dic
{1: 3, 3: 4, 5: 6}

 

setdefault（key,value）有相同的key值则不产生变化，没有则添加，value 默认为None

>>> dic = {1:2,3:4}

>>> dic.setdefault(7,8)
8

>>> dic
{1: 2, 3: 4, 7: 8}

>>> dic.setdefault(1,4)
2

>>> dic
{1: 2, 3: 4, 7: 8}

>>> dic.setdefault(9)
>>> dic
{1: 2, 3: 4, 7: 8, 9: None}

>>> f = dic.setdefault(1,4)
>>> f
2

 

 

删

pop(key,return)按key 删除，如key未找到返回return值，如return未设置则会报错

>>> dic = {1:2,3:4}

>>> dic.pop(7,'error')
'error'

>>> dic.pop(1)
2

>>> dic
{3: 4}

 

 popitem 删除最后一对kv，并以tuple形式返回被删除的kv

>>> dic = {1: 2, 3: 4, 7: 8}

>>> dic.popitem()
(7, 8)

>>> dic.popitem()
(3, 4)

 

del 直接删除元组

>>> dic = {1: 2,7: 8,3: 4}

>>> del dic
>>> dic

 

 

 改

[key] = vaule

>>> dic = {1: 2, 3: 4, 7: 8}

>>> dic[1] = 666
>>> dic
{1: 666, 3: 4, 7: 8}

 

dic.update(dic1)将dic1升级到dic里，dic里有的保存，dic没有但是dic1有的则添加到dic里，如果有key dic和dic1都有的则将dic1相应的kv覆盖到dic

>>> dic = {1: 666, 3: 4, 7: 8}

>>> dic1 = {1: 2, 3: 4,'hah':'over'}
>>> dic.update(dic1)
>>> dic
{1: 2, 3: 4, 7: 8, 'hah': 'over'}
>>> dic1
{1: 2, 3: 4, 'hah': 'over'}


>>> dic1 = {1: 2, 3: 4,'hah':'over'}
>>> dic = {1: 5, 3: 4, 7: 8}
>>> dic.update(dic1)
>>> dic
{1: 2, 3: 4, 7: 8, 'hah': 'over'}
>>> dic1
{1: 2, 3: 4, 'hah': 'over'}

 

 

查

keys 查看所有key

>>> l1 = {1:'q',2:'j'}
>>> l1.keys()
dict_keys([1, 2])

 

vaules查看所有vaule

>>> l1 = {1:'q',2:'j'}
>>> l1.values()
dict_values(['q', 'j'])

 

items查看所有的key 和vaule

>>> l1 = {1:'q',2:'j'}
>>> l1.items()
dict_items([(1, 'q'), (2, 'j')])

 

for

>>> l1 = {1:'q',2:'j'}
>>> for k,v in l1.items():
	print('k:',k,'v',v)
	
k: 1 v q
k: 2 v j

 

get

>>> l1 = {1:'q',2:'j',3:'i',4:'y'}

>>> l1.get(1)
'q'

>>> l1.get(7,'error')
'error'

 

[key]

>>> l1[1]
'q'

>>> l1[7]
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#19>", line 1, in <module>
    l1[7]
KeyError: 7