numpy.newaxis()函数、None

1 np.newaxis

np.newaxis的作用是：在当前位置，插入一个新维度。np.newaxis 在使用和功能上等价于 None，其实就是 None 的一个别名。

1.1 一维数组

import numpy as np

a = np.arange(5) # a.shape=(5,)
b = a[np.newaxis, :] # b.shape=(1,5)
c = a[:,np.newaxis] # c.shape=(5,1)
d = a[:,np.newaxis,np.newaxis] # d.shape=(5,1,1)
e = a[np.newaxis, np.newaxis, :] # e.shape=(1,1,5)

print('a = ',a)
print('b = ',b)
print('c = ',c)
print('d = ',d)
print('e = ',e)

输出：

a =  [0 1 2 3 4]

b =  [[0 1 2 3 4]]

c =  [[0][1][2][3][4]]

d =  [[[0]][[1]][[2]][[3]][[4]]]

e =  [[[0 1 2 3 4]]]

1.2 二维数组

import numpy as np

a = np.arange(6).reshape(2, 3)  # a.shape=(2,3)
b = a[:, np.newaxis]            # b.shape=(2,1,3)
c = a[:, np.newaxis, :]         # c.shape=(2,1,3)
d = a[..., np.newaxis]          # d.shape=(2,3,1)
e = a[np.newaxis, ...]          # e.shape=(1,2,3)

print('a = ', a)
print('b = ', b)
print('c = ', c)
print('d = ', d)
print('e = ', e)

输出：

a =  [[0 1 2]
 	  [3 4 5]]

b =  [[[0 1 2]]
      [[3 4 5]]]

c =  [[[0 1 2]]
      [[3 4 5]]]

d =  [[[0]
       [1]
       [2]]
      [[3]
       [4]
       [5]]]

e =  [[[0 1 2]
       [3 4 5]]]

参考：

• https://blog.csdn.net/qq_23936173/article/details/86623455