JDK源码-线程池ThreadPoolExecutor

基本数据结构

• AtomicInteger ctl：前3位为线程池状态，后29位为活跃线程数目
• CAS–compareAndIncrementWorkerCount：活跃线程数增1（新增线程）
• 阻塞队列–BlockingQueue workQueue：工作队列（需要被线程池执行的worker队列，具体实现由初始化时传入的子类确定）
• 可重入锁–ReentrantLock：添加工作线程等操作时的加锁
• HashSet workers：所有的工作线程
• Condition termination：支持awaitTermination
• volatile ThreadFactory：
• 工作线程–Worker：基于AQS框架构建

初始化

public ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize,
                      int maximumPoolSize,
                      long keepAliveTime,
                      TimeUnit unit,
                      BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue) {
    this(corePoolSize, maximumPoolSize, keepAliveTime, unit, workQueue,
         Executors.defaultThreadFactory(), defaultHandler);
}

提交任务

public void execute(Runnable command) {
    int c = ctl.get();
    //活跃线程数小于核心线程数的话，就添加一个工作线程给入参，提前返回
    if (workerCountOf(c) < corePoolSize) {
        if (addWorker(command, true))
            return;
        c = ctl.get();
    }
    //线程池正在运转且当前任务加入工作队列
    //向阻塞队列加入任务，具体实现依赖于线程池初始化时传入的阻塞队列类型
    //对于有界队列，如果队列已满则返回false
    if (isRunning(c) && workQueue.offer(command)) {
        int recheck = ctl.get();
        //如果线程池已经不再正常运转，则先从工作队列移除当前任务并终止，然后抛出异常
        if (! isRunning(recheck) && remove(command))
            reject(command);
        //如果工作线程变为0，则添加工作线程（防止并发问题）
        else if (workerCountOf(recheck) == 0)
            addWorker(null, false);
    }
    //无法进入工作队列且无法添加工作线程，则抛错
    else if (!addWorker(command, false))
        reject(command);
}

• 添加工作线程

private boolean addWorker(Runnable firstTask, boolean core) {
    retry:
    for (;;) {
        int c = ctl.get();
        int rs = runStateOf(c); //线程池状态
        if (rs >= SHUTDOWN &&
            ! (rs == SHUTDOWN && firstTask == null &&! workQueue.isEmpty()))
            return false;

        for (;;) {
            int wc = workerCountOf(c);
            if (wc >= CAPACITY ||  //活跃线程超出阈值
                wc >= (core ? corePoolSize : maximumPoolSize))
                return false;
            //尝试新增一个工作线程（这里先CAS更改统计数目）
            if (compareAndIncrementWorkerCount(c))
                break retry;
            c = ctl.get(); 
            if (runStateOf(c) != rs) //活跃线程数已经改变，此处需要重新循环添加流程
                continue retry;
        }
    }

    boolean workerStarted = false;
    boolean workerAdded = false;
    Worker w = null;
    try {
        w = new Worker(firstTask);
        final Thread t = w.thread;
        if (t != null) {
            final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock;
            mainLock.lock();
            try {
                int rs = runStateOf(ctl.get());

                if (rs < SHUTDOWN ||
                    (rs == SHUTDOWN && firstTask == null)) {
                    if (t.isAlive()) 
                        throw new IllegalThreadStateException();
                    //add区别于offer，在有界队列满时操作会抛异常
                    workers.add(w);
                    int s = workers.size();
                    if (s > largestPoolSize)
                        largestPoolSize = s;
                    workerAdded = true;
                }
            } finally {
                mainLock.unlock();
            }
            if (workerAdded) {
                t.start();
                workerStarted = true;
            }
        }
    } finally {
        if (! workerStarted)
            addWorkerFailed(w);
    }
    return workerStarted;
}

运行

public void run() {
    runWorker(this);
}

final void runWorker(Worker w) {
    Thread wt = Thread.currentThread();
    Runnable task = w.firstTask;
    w.firstTask = null;
    w.unlock(); // allow interrupts
    boolean completedAbruptly = true;
    try {
        while (task != null || (task = getTask()) != null) {
            w.lock();
            // If pool is stopping, ensure thread is interrupted;
            // if not, ensure thread is not interrupted.  This
            // requires a recheck in second case to deal with
            // shutdownNow race while clearing interrupt
            if ((runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP) ||
                 (Thread.interrupted() &&
                  runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP))) &&
                !wt.isInterrupted())
                wt.interrupt();
            try {
                beforeExecute(wt, task);
                Throwable thrown = null;
                try {
                    task.run();
                } catch (RuntimeException x) {
                    thrown = x; throw x;
                } catch (Error x) {
                    thrown = x; throw x;
                } catch (Throwable x) {
                    thrown = x; throw new Error(x);
                } finally {
                    afterExecute(task, thrown);
                }
            } finally {
                task = null;
                w.completedTasks++;
                w.unlock();
            }
        }
        completedAbruptly = false;
    } finally {
        processWorkerExit(w, completedAbruptly);
    }
}

private Runnable getTask() {
    boolean timedOut = false; // Did the last poll() time out?
    for (;;) {
        int c = ctl.get();
        int rs = runStateOf(c);
        // Check if queue empty only if necessary.
        if (rs >= SHUTDOWN && (rs >= STOP || workQueue.isEmpty())) {
            decrementWorkerCount();
            return null;
        }

        int wc = workerCountOf(c);
        // Are workers subject to culling?
        boolean timed = allowCoreThreadTimeOut || wc > corePoolSize;
        if ((wc > maximumPoolSize || (timed && timedOut))
            && (wc > 1 || workQueue.isEmpty())) {
            if (compareAndDecrementWorkerCount(c)) //CAS扣减活跃线程数
                return null;
            continue;
        }

        try {
            Runnable r = timed ? //从任务队列取出
                workQueue.poll(keepAliveTime, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS) :
                workQueue.take();
            if (r != null)
                return r;
            timedOut = true;
        } catch (InterruptedException retry) {
            timedOut = false;
        }
    }
}

关闭线程池

//已提交任务会被执行，新提交的任务则不被允许放入任务队列。正在执行的任务会继续执行，没有被执行的被中断
public void shutdown() {
    final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock;
    mainLock.lock();
    try {
        checkShutdownAccess();
        advanceRunState(SHUTDOWN);
        interruptIdleWorkers();
        onShutdown(); // hook for ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor
    } finally {
        mainLock.unlock();
    }
    tryTerminate();
}

//将线程池的状态置为STOP，正在执行的任务被停止，没被执行的任务返回
public List<Runnable> shutdownNow() {
    List<Runnable> tasks;
    final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock;
    mainLock.lock();
    try {
        checkShutdownAccess();
        advanceRunState(STOP);
        interruptWorkers();
        tasks = drainQueue();
    } finally {
        mainLock.unlock();
    }
    tryTerminate();
    return tasks;
}