Builder 的应用

改造前

当前正在开发工会宣战的一个系统，需要存储宣战记录。但是记录包括很多数据，开始使用构造方法传递参数。

DeclareWarUnionInfo(CrossAllianceService crossAllianceService, long unionId, long acceptUnionId, long warTime,
                        long declareHumanId, String declareHumanName) {
        this.crossAllianceService = crossAllianceService;

        crossDeclareWarInfoDB = new CrossDeclareWarInfoDB();
        crossDeclareWarInfoDB.setId(Port.applyId());
        crossDeclareWarInfoDB.setUnionId(unionId);
        crossDeclareWarInfoDB.setAcceptUnionId(acceptUnionId);
        crossDeclareWarInfoDB.setAccept(EDeclare.NOT_ACCEPT.getIndex());
        crossDeclareWarInfoDB.setWartime(warTime);
        crossDeclareWarInfoDB.setDeclareHumanId(declareHumanId);
        crossDeclareWarInfoDB.setDeclareHumanName(declareHumanName);
        crossDeclareWarInfoDB.setDatetime(Port.getTime());
        crossDeclareWarInfoDB.persist();
    }


    /**
     * 使用数据库对象初始化
     * @param crossAllianceService
     * @param crossDeclareWarInfoDB
     */
    DeclareWarUnionInfo(CrossAllianceService crossAllianceService, CrossDeclareWarInfoDB crossDeclareWarInfoDB) {
        this.crossAllianceService = crossAllianceService;
        this.crossDeclareWarInfoDB = crossDeclareWarInfoDB;
    }

构造方法参数一堆，创建的时候要传入一堆参数。

DeclareWarUnionInfo createDeclareWarUnionInfo = new DeclareWarUnionInfo(this, unionId, opponentUnionId,
                warTime, declareHumanId, declareHumanName);

// 方式2
DeclareWarUnionInfo declareWarUnionInfo = new DeclareWarUnionInfo(this, db);

变为Builder

写完之后，总是觉得这种方法不是很好。后来想到了EffectiveJava 中讲到的Builder，突然豁然开朗，这个时候其实运用这种方法可能获得很好的效果。于是开始改造。

public class DeclareWarUnionInfo {

    ...

    /**
     * DeclareWarUnionInfo 构造器
     */
    static class Builder {
        private final CrossAllianceService crossAllianceService;
        private long unionId;
        private long acceptUnionId;
        private EDeclare eDeclare = EDeclare.NOT_ACCEPT;
        private long warTime;
        private long declareHumanId;
        private String declareHumanName;
        private long dateTime;
        private CrossDeclareWarInfoDB crossDeclareWarInfoDB;

        Builder(CrossAllianceService crossAllianceService, long unionId, long acceptUnionId) {
            this.crossAllianceService = crossAllianceService;
            this.unionId = unionId;
            this.acceptUnionId = acceptUnionId;
        }

        Builder(CrossAllianceService crossAllianceService, CrossDeclareWarInfoDB crossDeclareWarInfoDB) {
            this.crossAllianceService = crossAllianceService;
            this.crossDeclareWarInfoDB = crossDeclareWarInfoDB;
        }

        Builder addWarTime(long val) {
            warTime = val;
            return this;
        }

        Builder addDeclareHumanId(long val) {
            this.declareHumanId = val;
            return this;
        }

        Builder addDeclareHumanName(String val) {
            this.declareHumanName = val;
            return this;
        }

        Builder addDateTime(long val) {
            this.dateTime = val;
            return this;
        }

        DeclareWarUnionInfo build() {
            return new DeclareWarUnionInfo(this);
        }
    }

    
    ...
}

构造方法，进行private，防止直接new对象。只能通过带有Builder参数的构造方法在内部类Builder中实例化。（crossDeclareWarInfoDB是一个数据库对象，当传入此对象时是在从数据库载入对象。另外一种方式就创建对象，并且保存数据库）

/**
     * 构造函数，此类仅能通过Builder创建
     * @param builder 构造器
     */
    private DeclareWarUnionInfo(Builder builder) {
        crossAllianceService = builder.crossAllianceService;

        if (builder.crossDeclareWarInfoDB == null) {
            crossDeclareWarInfoDB = new CrossDeclareWarInfoDB();
            crossDeclareWarInfoDB.setId(Port.applyId());
            crossDeclareWarInfoDB.setUnionId(builder.unionId);
            crossDeclareWarInfoDB.setAcceptUnionId(builder.acceptUnionId);
            crossDeclareWarInfoDB.setAccept(builder.eDeclare.getIndex());
            crossDeclareWarInfoDB.setWartime(builder.warTime);
            crossDeclareWarInfoDB.setDeclareHumanId(builder.declareHumanId);
            crossDeclareWarInfoDB.setDeclareHumanName(builder.declareHumanName);
            crossDeclareWarInfoDB.setDatetime(builder.dateTime);
            crossDeclareWarInfoDB.persist();
        } else {
            crossDeclareWarInfoDB = builder.crossDeclareWarInfoDB;
        }

    }

创建对象：

// 方式1：
DeclareWarUnionInfo declareWarUnionInfo = new DeclareWarUnionInfo.Builder(this, db).build();


// 方式2：
DeclareWarUnionInfo createDeclareWarUnionInfo = new DeclareWarUnionInfo.Builder(this, unionId, acceptUnionId)
                .addWarTime(warTime)
                .addDeclareHumanId(humanId)
                .addDeclareHumanName(humanName)
                .build();