C++第7天

1.指针和函数

#include <stdio.h>

void swap(int m, int n);

int main(void)
{
	int m = 23;
	int n = 57;
	printf("before-----m = %d, n = %d\n", m, n);

	swap(m, n);
	printf("after------m = %d, n = %d\n", m, n);
	return 0;
}

void swap(int a, int b)
{
	int temp = 0;

	temp = a;
	a = b;
	b = temp;
}

#include <stdio.h>

void swap(int m, int n);
void swap2(int *, int *);

int main(void)
{
	int m = 23;
	int n = 57;
	printf("before-----m = %d, n = %d\n", m, n);

	//swap(m, n);
	swap2(&m, &n);
	printf("after------m = %d, n = %d\n", m, n);
	return 0;
}

void swap(int a, int b)
{
	int temp = 0;

	temp = a;
	a = b;
	b = temp;
}

void swap2(int *a, int *b)
{
	int temp = 0;

	temp = *a;
	*a = *b;
	*b = temp;
}

2.指针做函数参数

3.数组做函数参数

#include <stdio.h>

void BubbleSort(int arr[],int n)
{
	//int n = sizeof(arr)/sizeof(arr[0]);
	//printf("n=%d\n", n);//n=1
	//BubbleSort:sizeof(arr)=4
	//printf("BubbleSort:sizeof(arr)=%d\n", sizeof(arr));
	//BubbleSort:sizeof(arr[0])=4
	//printf("BubbleSort:sizeof(arr[0])=%d\n", sizeof(arr[0]));

	for (int i = 0; i < n-1; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < n - i - 1; j++)
		{
			if (arr[j] > arr[j + 1])
			{
				int temp = arr[j];
				arr[j] = arr[j + 1];
				arr[j + 1] = temp;
			}
		}
	}
}

int main(void)
{
	int arr[] = { 5,89,3,22,40,31,9,22,67,28,45,78 };
	//printf("main:sizeof(arr)=%d\n", sizeof(arr));
	int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);

	BubbleSort(arr,n);

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		printf("%d ", arr[i]);
	}

	return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>

void test_func(int arr[])
{
	//test_func---sizeof(arr)=4
	printf("test_func---sizeof(arr)=%d\n", sizeof(arr));
	printf("%d\n", arr[0]);//4
}

int main(void)
{
	int arr[] = { 4,5 };
	//main--------sizeof(arr)=8
	printf("main--------sizeof(arr)=%d\n", sizeof(arr));
	test_func(arr);

	return 0;
}

4.指针做函数返回值

#include <stdio.h>

int m = 100;

int* test_func2(int a, int b)
{
	int p = 1234;
	//return &m;
	return &p;
}

int main(void)
{
	int* ret = NULL;

	ret = test_func2(10, 20);

	printf("ret=%d\n", *ret);
	return 0;
}

5.指针和字符串

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
	char str1[] = "hello";
	char m[] = "hello";

	char* str2 = "hello";
	char* n = "hello";

	//str1[0] = 'R';
	//str2[0] = 'R';

	printf("str1=%p\n", str1);//str1=008FFB58
	printf("m=%p\n", m);//m=008FFB48
	printf("str2=%p\n", str2);//str2=00EE7BCC
	printf("n=%p\n", n);//n=00EE7BCC

	return 0;
}

6.练习：比较两个字符串

#include <stdio.h>

int mystrcmp(char* str1, char* str2) 
{
	int i = 0;
	while (str1[i] == str2[i])
	{
		if (str1[i] == '\0')
		{
			return 0;
		}
		i++;
	}

	return str1[i] > str2[i] ? 1 : -1;
}

int mystrcmp2(char* str1, char* str2)
{
	while (*str1 == *str2)
	{
		if (*str1 == '\0')
		{
			return 0;
		}
		str1++;
		str2++;
	}

	return *str1 > *str2 ? 1 : -1;
}

int main(void)
{
	char* str1 = "hello";
	char* str2 = "helloworld";

	int ret = mystrcmp2(str1, str2);
	if (ret == 0)
		printf("str1=str2\n");
	else if (ret == 1)
		printf("str1>str2\n");
	else if (ret == -1)
		printf("str1<str2\n");
	else
		printf("error\n");

	return 0;
}

7.练习：字符串拷贝

#include <stdio.h>

void mystrcpy(char* src, char* dest)
{
	int i = 0;
	while (src[i] != 0)
	{
		dest[i] = src[i];
		i++;
	}
}

void mystrcpy2(char* src, char* dest)
{
	while (*src != 0)
	{
		*dest = *src;
		src++;
		dest++;
	}
}

int main(void)
{
	char src[] = "helloworld";
	char dest[100] = { 0 };

	mystrcpy2(src, dest);
	
	printf("%s\n", dest);

	return 0;
}

8.练习：在字符串中查找字符出现的位置

#include <stdio.h>

char* myStrch(char* str, char ch)
{
	int i = 0;
	while (str[i])
	{
		if (str[i] == ch)
		{
			return &str[i];
		}
		i++;
	}
	return NULL;
}

char* myStrch2(char* str, char ch)
{
	while (*str)
	{
		if (*str == ch)
		{
			return str;
		}
		str++;
	}
	return NULL;
}

int main(void)
{
	char str[] = "hello world";
	char ch = ' ';

	char* ret = NULL;
	ret = myStrch2(str, ch);

	printf("%s\n", ret);

	return 0;
}

9.练习：字符串去空格

#include <stdio.h>

void str_no_space(char* str, char* dst)
{
	int i = 0;
	int j = 0;

	while (str[i] != 0)
	{
		if (str[i] != ' ')
		{
			dst[j] = str[i];
			j++;
		}
		i++;
	}
}

void str_no_space2(char* str, char* dst)
{
	while (*str != 0)
	{
		if (*str != ' ')
		{
			*dst = *str;
			dst++;
		}
		str++;
	}
}

int main(void)
{
	char str[] = "ni chou sha chou ni za di";
	char dst[100] = { 0 };

	str_no_space2(str, dst);
	printf("%s\n", dst);

	return 0;
}

10.带参数的 main 函数

#include <stdio.h>

int main(char argc, char* argv[])
{
	for (size_t i = 0; i < argc; i++)
	{
		printf("argv[%d]=%s\n", i, argv[i]);
	}

	return 0;
}

11.str 中 substr 出现次数

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main(void)
{
	char* ret = strstr("hellmollollo", "llo");
	printf("ret = %s\n", ret);//ret = llollo

	return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main1101(void)
{
	char* ret = strstr("hellmollollo", "llo");
	printf("ret = %s\n", ret);//ret = llollo

	return 0;
}

int str_times(char* str, char* substr)
{
	int count = 0;
	char* p = strstr(str, substr);

	while (p != NULL)
	{
		count++;
		p += strlen(substr);
		p = strstr(p, substr);
	}

	return count;
}

int main(void)
{
	char str[] = "hellollollo";
	char substr[] = "llo";

	int ret = str_times(str, substr);

	printf("出现%d次\n", ret);

	return 0;
}