环境:
OS:IBM AIX 5.3
Database:10gr2_aix5l64_database.cpio.gz
根据oracle官方建议修改OS相关参数
1.查看物理内存
# /usr/sbin/lsattr -E -l sys0 -a realmem
realmem 8388608 Amount of usable physical memory in Kbytes False
官方安装文档要求至少1G的物理内存
2.查看swap空间
# lsps -a
Page Space Physical Volume Volume Group Size %Used Active Auto Type
hd6 hdisk0 rootvg 4096MB 1 yes yes lv
官方安装文档要求8G内存至少4G的swap空间
如果swap空间不够可用如下命令
chps -s'32' hd6 32*128=4G
3.查看磁盘空间
# df -g
Filesystem GB blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on
/dev/hd4 0.25 0.23 9% 2399 5% /
/dev/hd2 2.00 0.74 63% 36283 18% /usr
/dev/hd9var 1.00 0.98 2% 419 1% /var
/dev/hd3 1.00 0.59 41% 1471 2% /tmp
/dev/hd1 20.00 7.99 61% 20754 2% /home
/proc - - - - - /proc
/dev/hd10opt 1.25 1.18 6% 893 1% /opt
要确保有足够的空间(至少4G)来安装oracle
/tmp要求在400M以上
如果空间不够,可用chfs 命令来动态增加
chfs –a size=+1024M /tmp
4.操作系统版本
# oslevel -s
5300-06-05-0806
5.确认系统结构
# getconf HARDWARE_BITMODE
64
6.确认AIX修补和软件包
安装完AIX5.3系统后再安装以下一些软件包
bos.data
bos.net
bos.adt
bos.perf
perfagent.tools
bos.dosutil
bos.adt.base
bos.adt.lib
bos.adt.libm
bos.perf.perfstat
bos.perf.libperfstat
bos.perf.proctools
rsct.basic.rte
rsct.compat.clients.rte
xlC.aix50.rte
xlC.rte bos.cifs_fs.rte
bos.adt.prof
创建组和用户
1创建用户和组
mkgroup -A id=501 oinstall
mkgroup -A id=502 dba
mkgroup -A id=503 oper
mkgroup -A id=504 asmadmin
mkgroup -A id=505 asmoper
mkgroup -A id=506 asmdba
mkuser pgrp=oinstall groups=asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba grid
mkuser pgrp=oinstall groups=dba,oper,asmdba oracle
2. 配置环境变量.profile
# grid Environment
export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/grid
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$GRID_HOME/bin:/usr/java5/jre/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/precomp/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export LIBPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export AIXTHREAD_SCOPE=S
export ORACLE_TERM=vt100
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.zhs16gbk
# Oracle Environment
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=bidb
export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1
export GRID_HOME=/oravl01/app/11.2.0/grid
export ORACLE_SID=bidb
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$GRID_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/precomp/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export LIBPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export AIXTHREAD_SCOPE=S
export ORACLE_TERM=vt100
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.zhs16gbk
ORACLE_SID=ora10g#指定数据库实例的名称
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:.:/usr/local/bin
DISPLAY=192.168.1.99:0.0
umask 022
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH DISPLAY
3. 修改oracle用户文件大小限制:
#smit chuser
在User NAME 域输入oracle用户设置下列各项的值
Soft FILE size -1
Soft CPU time -1
Soft DATA segment -1
Soft STACK size -1
Soft core file size -1
退出,重新以oracle用户登陆使环境变量生效
查看环境变量用set命令
安装
首先通过ftp把oracle软件包上传到Aix机器
用oracle用户通过Xmanager登陆,进入oracle软件所在目录,首先是解压软件包,
$gunzip 10gr2_aix5164_database.cpio.gz
$cpio –idcmv < 10gr2_aix5164_database.cpio(生成Disk1目录)
安装之前会提示先以root运行Disk1/rootpre/rootpre.sh
使用xmanager回车登录,无登录按钮
$./runInstaller 就可以进行图形界面的安装了
1.使用高级安装安装ASM
2.安装数据库软件
3.安装数据库
创建ASM磁盘组
1.准备2块磁盘:hdisk1、hdisk2
2.创建一个vg,加入2块磁盘:smitty mkvg
3.划分2个lv:
# mklv -t jfs2 -y asmlv softvg 200
asmlv
# mklv -t jfs2 -y recoverylv softvg 100;
recoverylv
4.创建asm的pfile. $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init+ASM.ora
*.background_dump_dest='/u01/oracle/admin/+ASM/bdump' *.core_dump_dest='/u01//oracle/admin/+ASM/cdump' *.user_dump_dest='/u01/oracle/admin/+ASM/udump' *.asm_diskstring='/dev/rasmlv','/dev/rrecoverylv' *.instance_type='asm' *.large_pool_size=12M *.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive' |
5.修改lv所属权限
# chown oracle:dba /dev/rasmlv # chown oracle:dba /dev/rrecoverylv |
6.创建密码文件
oracle@database$ orapwd file=orapw+ASM password=oracle |
7.创建admin目录
oracle@database$ mkdir -p /u01/oracle/admin/+ASM/udump oracle@database$ mkdir -p /u01/oracle/admin/+ASM/bdump oracle@database$ mkdir -p /u01/oracle/admin/+ASM/cdump |
8.启动css进程
使用root执行
/u01/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/db_1/bin/localconfig add
9.切换用户oracle启动ASM .startup
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM
sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> startup ASM instance started
Total System Global Area 130023424 bytes Fixed Size 2019136 bytes Variable Size 102838464 bytes ASM Cache 25165824 bytes ORA-15110: no diskgroups mounted |
10.创建asm diskgroup :DATA、RECOVERY
SQL> create diskgroup DATA external redundancy disk '/dev/rasmlv'; Diskgroup created. SQL> create diskgroup RECOVERY external redundancy disk '/dev/rrecoverylv'; Diskgroup created. SQL> select name,state from v$asm_diskgroup;
NAME STATE ---------- ---------------------- DATA MOUNTED RECOVERY MOUNTED |
已经挂载了。就不用再挂载了
未挂载的挂载方法:
alter diskgroup DATA mount;
alter diskgroup RECOVERY mount;
退出不关闭
11.测试asm
使用oracle用户正常登录使用的库 SQL> create tablespace test datafile '+DATA' size 10m; Tablespace created. ASMCMD [+data/gs/datafile] > ls -l Type Redund Striped Time Sys Name DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE DEC 09 14:00:00 Y TEST.256.769442671 ASMCMD [+data/gs/datafile] > SQL> drop tablespace test including contents and datafiles; Tablespace dropped. |
12.更改controlfiles、归档 等参数
SQL> alter system set control_files='+DATA' scope=spfile; System altered. SQL> alter system set db_recovery_file_dest='+RECOVERY'; System altered. SQL> alter system set db_create_file_dest='+DATA'; System altered. |
13. 复制database到 +DATA
link 库文件libobk.so su - oracle /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/oracle_link rman target / nocatalog RMAN> |
RMAN> backup as copy database format '+DATA'; |
14.启动到mount切换asm
alter database datafile '/home/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/oradata/hadb/system01.dbf' offline;
RMAN> switch database to copy;
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/gs/datafile/system.260.769444077" datafile 2 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/gs/datafile/undotbs1.266.769444157" datafile 3 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/gs/datafile/sysaux.261.769444103" datafile 4 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/gs/datafile/users.267.769444165" datafile 5 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/gs/datafile/aomeidb.262.769444129" datafile 6 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/gs/datafile/tbivr.263.769444135" datafile 7 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/gs/datafile/dlbshop.264.769444143" datafile 8 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/gs/datafile/gsdlb.259.769444013" datafile 9 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/gs/datafile/mcdb.265.769444149" RMAN> recover database; Starting recover at 09-DEC-11 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=152 devtype=DISK starting media recovery media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:05 Finished recover at 09-DEC-11 RMAN> alter database open; database opened |
15.切换temp
SQL> select name ,status from v$tempfile; NAME STATUS ----------------------------------- ------- /u01/oracle/oradata/gs/temp.dbf ONLINE SQL> alter tablespace temp add tempfile '+DATA' size 512m; Tablespace altered. SQL> alter tablespace temp drop tempfile '/u01/oracle/oradata/gs/temp.dbf'; Tablespace altered. |
16.切换redo log
SQL> select member from v$logfile; MEMBER ---------------------------------------- /u01/oracle/oradata/gs/redo03.log /u01/oracle/oradata/gs/redo02.log /u01/oracle/oradata/gs/redo01.log
SQL> alter database add logfile '+DATA' size 100m; Database altered. SQL> alter database add logfile '+DATA' size 100m; Database altered. SQL> alter database add logfile '+DATA' size 100m; Database altered.
SQL> alter system switch logfile; System altered. SQL> select group#,status from v$log;
GROUP# STATUS ---------- ---------------- 1 CURRENT 2 INACTIVE 3 INACTIVE 4 UNUSED 5 UNUSED 6 UNUSED --等group# 1、2、3变为INACTIVE就删除
SQL> alter database drop logfile '/u01/oracle/oradata/gs/redo02.log'; Database altered. SQL> alter database drop logfile '/u01/oracle/oradata/gs/redo03.log'; Database altered. SQL> alter database drop logfile '/u01/oracle/oradata/gs/redo01.log'; Database altered. |
再删除/u01/oracle/oradata下面文件就ok
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CSS服务启不来
CSS服务启不来,提示如下的错误:
Giving up: Oracle CSS stack appears NOT to be running.
Oracle CSS service would not start as installed
Automatic Storage Management(ASM) cannot be used until Oracle CSS service is started
在单节点上使用ASM是不需要安装CRS的,但使用ASM就一定要CSS的支持,CSS在安装DATABASE的时候已经默认安装,只需要配置就行了。从技术上来讲,上述的错误只要重新配置CSS服务即可。
下面的操作需要root权限:
# rm -f /usr/tmp/.oracle/*
# rm -f /tmp/.oracle/*
# rm -f /var/tmp/.oracle/*
#cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin
#./localconfig delete
#./localconfig add
#/etc/init.cssd run &
Oracle用户:
$ crsctl check crs
CSS appears healthy
Cannot communicate with CRS
Cannot communicate with EVM
$ crsctl check css
CSS appears healthy
$ ps -ef |grep ocssd |grep -v grep
root 123274 151730 0 17:09:48 pts/0 0:00 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/ocssd.bin
可以根据CSS相关的log文件来进行诊断:
–$ORACLE_HOME/log/<$HOST>/client/css*.log
这是我机器上的错误信息
$ more css917.log
Oracle Database 10g CRS Release 10.2.0.4.0 Production Copyright 1996, 2008 Oracle. All rights reserved.
2009-11-11 15:00:04.472: [ CSSCLNT][1]clsssInitNative: connect failed, rc 9
其它log files:
–$ORACLE_HOME/log/hostname/cssd/cssdOUT.log
–$ORACLE_HOME/log/hostname/cssd/ocssd.log
–$ORACLE_HOME/log/hostname/alert<hostname>.log
–/var/tmp/.oracle
还可参考:
http://frits.homelinux.com/wordpress/?p=34
-The End-