3 案例3:调整现有磁盘的分区
3.1 问题
本例要求沿用前一天案例,对磁盘/dev/vdb的分区表进行调整,要求如下:不更改原有分区,利用剩余空间新增三个分区,大小依次为:500MIB、2000MIB、512MIB
然后再基于刚建立的2000MIB分区构建新的LVM存储:
- 新的逻辑卷命名为database,大小为50个物理扩展单元(Physical Extent),属于datastore卷组
- 在datastore卷组中的所有逻辑卷,其物理扩展单元(Physical Extent)的大小为16MIB
- 使用ext3文件系统对逻辑卷database格式化,此逻辑卷应该在开机时自动挂载到/mnt/database目录
3.2 方案
创建卷组时,可以通过-s选项指定PE的大小
在给新建的逻辑卷分配空间时,空间大小只能是PE大小的倍数
3.3 步骤
实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。
步骤一:调整现有磁盘分区
1)新建扩展分区(使用剩余可用空间)
[root@server0 ~]# fdisk /dev/vdb
Command (m for help): p //确认原有分区表
.. ..
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vdb1 2048 411647 204800 8e Linux LVM
/dev/vdb2 411648 4507647 2048000 83 Linux
/dev/vdb3 4507648 6555647 1024000 83 Linux
Command (m for help): n //新建分区
Partition type:
p primary (3 primary, 0 extended, 1 free)
e extended
Select (default e): e //类型指定为e(扩展分区)
Selected partition 4 //只一个可用编号,自动选取
First sector (6555648-20971519, default 6555648): //起始位置默认
Using default value 6555648
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (6555648-20971519, default 20971519):
Using default value 20971519 //结束位置默认
Partition 4 of type Extended and of size 6.9 GiB is set
Command (m for help): p
.. ..
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vdb1 2048 411647 204800 8e Linux LVM
/dev/vdb2 411648 4507647 2048000 83 Linux
/dev/vdb3 4507648 6555647 1024000 83 Linux
/dev/vdb4 6555648 20971519 7207936 5 Extended
2)在扩展分区中新建3个逻辑分区
创建第1个逻辑卷(由于主分区编号已用完,分区类型自动选I逻辑分区):
Command (m for help): n
All primary partitions are in use
Adding logical partition 5 //分区编号5
First sector (6557696-20971519, default 6557696): //起始位置默认
Using default value 6557696
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (6557696-20971519, default 20971519): +500M
//结束位置默认
Partition 5 of type Linux and of size 500 MiB is set
创建第2个逻辑卷:
Command (m for help): n
All primary partitions are in use
Adding logical partition 6 //分区编号6
First sector (7583744-20971519, default 7583744): //起始位置默认
Using default value 7583744
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (7583744-20971519, default 20971519): +2000M
//结束位置默认
Partition 6 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is set
创建第3个逻辑卷:
Command (m for help): n
All primary partitions are in use
Adding logical partition 7 //分区编号7
First sector (11681792-20971519, default 11681792): //起始位置默认
Using default value 11681792
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (11681792-20971519, default 20971519): +512M
//结束位置默认
Partition 7 of type Linux and of size 512 MiB is set
根据预计的用途调整分区类型(可选):
Command (m for help): t //修改
Partition number (1-7, default 7): 5 //第5个分区
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e //类型为8e(LVM)
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): t //修改
Partition number (1-7, default 7): 6 //第6个分区
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e //类型为8e(LVM)
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): t //修改
Partition number (1-7, default 7): 7 //第7个分区
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 82 //类型为82(交换分区)
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux swap / Solaris'
确认分区结果并保存:
Command (m for help): p
.. ..
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vdb1 2048 411647 204800 8e Linux LVM
/dev/vdb2 411648 4507647 2048000 83 Linux
/dev/vdb3 4507648 6555647 1024000 83 Linux
/dev/vdb4 6555648 20971519 7207936 5 Extended
/dev/vdb5 6557696 7581695 512000 8e Linux LVM
/dev/vdb6 7583744 11679743 2048000 8e Linux LVM
/dev/vdb7 11681792 12730367 524288 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Command (m for help): w //保存退出
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks. //提示重启
3)刷新分区表
[root@server0 ~]# partprobe /dev/vdb
[root@server0 ~]# reboot
步骤二:新建卷组、逻辑卷
1)新建卷组datastore,指定PE大小为16MIB
[root@server0 ~]# lvcreate -l 50 -n database datastore
Logical volume "database" created
[root@server0 ~]# lvscan //确认新建的逻辑卷
ACTIVE '/dev/systemvg/vo' [180.00 MiB] inherit
ACTIVE '/dev/datastore/database' [800.00 MiB] inherit
步骤三:格式化及使用逻辑卷
1)格式化逻辑卷/dev/datastore/database
[root@server0 ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/datastore/database
.. ..
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
2)配置开机挂载
[root@server0 ~]# mkdir /mnt/database //创建挂载点
[root@server0 ~]# vim /etc/fstab
.. ..
/dev/datastore/database /mnt/database ext3 defaults 0 0
3)验证挂载配置
[root@server0 ~]# mount -a
[root@server0 ~]# df -hT /mnt/database/ //确认挂载点设备
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/datastore-database ext3 772M 828K 715M 1% /mnt/database