Berkeley CS61B Spring 2019 打卡(2)

刷题记录在Dropbox Paper上

2019 June 25 || Subtype Polymorphism vs. HoFs

• Subtype Polymorphism vs. HoFs

1. Dynamic Method Selection Puzzle
2. Subtype Polymorphism vs. Explicit HoFs
3. Application 1: Comparables
4. Application 2: Comparators

• Casting is just a trick for compiler; It DOESN’T do any practical thing.
• Polymorphism: “providing a single interface to entities of different types”
• Using built-in Comparable interface And compareTo has many implementations such as for Strings.

    public interface Comparable<T> {
         public int compareTo(T obj);
    } 

• For comparison under different criteria, use Comparator interface. It is built on Comparable interface and its compareTo method.

import java.util.Comparator;
public interface Comparator<T> {
	int compare(T o1, T o2);
}

• Interfaces provide us with the ability to make callbacks:

1. Sometimes a function needs the help of another function that might not have been written yet.
   < Example: max needs compareTo
   < The helping function is sometimes called a “callback”.
2. Some languages handle this using explicit function passing.
3. In Java, we do this by wrapping up the needed function in an interface (e.g. Arrays.sort < needs compare which lives inside the comparator interface)
4. Arrays.sort “calls back” whenever it needs a comparison.
   < Similar to giving your number to someone if they need information.
   < See Project 1B to explore how to write code that uses comparators.

2019 June 26 || Lists and Sets in Java

• Primitive type cannot be dereferenced! (cannot be treated as an ordinary Object)
  Thus,

1. .equals(Object) cannot be used to the primitive types. AND it is not usable for user-defined classes, so we need to override the default equals() method.
2. You should use the according non-primitive types, like using Integer for int.

• Any class in java is derived from Object class.

• Generic type variable / Actual type variable
  

• Exceptions: Something