CodeForces - 91B——Queue (单调队列之海象比年龄)

There are n walruses standing in a queue in an airport. They are numbered starting from the queue's tail: the 1-st walrus stands at the end of the queue and the n-th walrus stands at the beginning of the queue. The i-th walrus has the age equal to ai.

The i-th walrus becomes displeased if there's a younger walrus standing in front of him, that is, if exists such j (i < j), that ai > aj. The displeasure of the i-th walrus is equal to the number of walruses between him and the furthest walrus ahead of him, which is younger than the i-th one. That is, the further that young walrus stands from him, the stronger the displeasure is.

The airport manager asked you to count for each of n walruses in the queue his displeasure.

Input

The first line contains an integer n (2 ≤ n ≤ 105) — the number of walruses in the queue. The second line contains integers ai (1 ≤ ai ≤ 109).

Note that some walruses can have the same age but for the displeasure to emerge the walrus that is closer to the head of the queue needs to be strictly younger than the other one.

Output

Print n numbers: if the i-th walrus is pleased with everything, print "-1" (without the quotes). Otherwise, print the i-th walrus's displeasure: the number of other walruses that stand between him and the furthest from him younger walrus.

Examples
Input
6
10 8 5 3 50 45
Output
2 1 0 -1 0 -1 
Input
7
10 4 6 3 2 8 15
Output
4 2 1 0 -1 -1 -1 
Input
5
10 3 1 10 11
Output
1 0 -1 -1 -1 

题意:

       在机场的某队列中,站着 n 只海象。它们从队列的尾部开始编号:第 1 只海象站在队尾,第 n 只海象表示站在队首。第 i 只海象的年龄等于 ai 。第 i 只海象在以下情况下会变得不愉快:如果有更年轻的海象站在它的前面,即存在这样的 j ( i < j),使得 ai > aj 。第 i 只海象的 不愉快 指数,等于第 i 只海象与在它前面最远的更年轻海象之间,所存在的海象数目。换言之,更年轻的海象站在它前方越远,不愉快指数越强。对于队列中 n 只海象中的每一只,机场管理员请您求出它的不愉快指数。
思路:

       从尾部开始遍历,单调存递减序列,二分查找。

#include<algorithm>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#define M 100010
using namespace std;
int a[M],tail,ans[M];
struct node
{
    int x,i;
};
node q[M];
int erfen(int x)
{
    int l=0,r=tail,pan;
    while(r>=l)
    {
        pan=(r+l)/2;
        if(x>q[pan].x)
        {
            r=pan-1;
        }
        else
        {
            l=pan+1;
        }
    }
    return l;
}
int main()
{
    int n;
    while(~scanf("%d",&n))
    {
        tail=0;
        for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
        {
            scanf("%d",&a[i]);
        }
        for(int i=n;i>0;i--)
        {
            if(tail==0||q[tail-1].x>=a[i])
            {
                q[tail].x=a[i];
                q[tail++].i=i;
                ans[i]=-1;
            }
            else
            {
                int j=erfen(a[i]);
                ans[i]=q[j].i-i-1;
            }
        }
        for(int i=1;i<n;i++)
        {
            printf("%d ",ans[i]);
        }printf("%d\n",ans[n]);
    }
}

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